Electro-Chemo-Mechanical Actuators Touching and Sensing Both, Physical and Chemical Ambient
Electro-Chemo-Mechanical Actuators Touching and Sensing Both, Physical and Chemical Ambient
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电化学机械执行器触摸和感应物理和化学环境
DOI：
10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.61.112
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发表时间：
2008
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
T. Otero
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Otero
导电聚合物薄膜在电解溶液中用作电极时，分别在阳极或阴极电流下氧化和还原。电化学反应诱导链的构象运动、自由体积的产生或破坏以及离子和溶剂与电解质的交换，从而形成反应、膨胀或收缩的凝胶。电脉冲作用于由聚合物、溶剂和离子组成的反应凝胶是最接近于构成驱动生物器官的人工材料。电化学反应在动力学上受构象运动或反离子在凝胶中的扩散控制：它在电化学准平衡状态下工作，并确定在任何中间氧化态下的平衡势。任何变量（机械的、化学的、光学的、磁的……）作用于平衡，都会引起任何装置的工作电位的变化，由恒流驱动，基于这种反应：基于电化学性质的致动传感装置有望实现。反应的活化能可以由金属涂层电极的氧化得到。该能量包括两项：恒定化学活化能和与聚合物构象的堆积结构有关的构象能。这个构象能是驱动和感应性质的基本大小，为它们的量化开辟了道路。通过阳极氧化，信息可以存储在连续的构象能级中。
Films of conducting polymers, when used as electrodes in an electrolytic solution, oxidize and reduce under flow of anodic or cathodic currents, respectively. The electrochemical reactions induce conformational movements of the chains, generation or destruction of free volume and interchange of ions and solvent with the electrolyte giving a gel that reacts, swells or shrinks. Electric pulses acting on reactive gels constituted by polymers, solvent and ions are the closest artificial material to those that constitute actuating biological organs. The electrochemical reaction is kinetically controlled by the conformational movements or by the counterions diffusion through the gel: it works under electrochemical quasi-equilibrium and defines, at any intermediate oxidation state, equilibrium potentials. Any variable (mechanical, chemical, optical, magnetic..) acting on the equilibrium will induce changes on the working potential of any device, driven by a constant current, based on this reaction: actuating-sensing devices based on the electrochemical properties are expected. The activation energy of the reaction can be obtained from the oxidation of metal coated electrodes. This energy includes two terms: the constant chemical activation energy and the conformational energy related to the packed structure of the polymeric conformations. This conformational energy is the basic magnitude for both actuating and sensing properties, opening the way for their quantification. Information can be stored in continuous conformational energetic levels being read by anodic oxidation.
DOI：
--
发表时间：
1986
期刊：
--
影响因子：
--
作者：
T. Skotheim;R. Elsenbaumer;J. Reynolds
通讯作者：
T. Skotheim;R. Elsenbaumer;J. Reynolds