SPECIES HYBRIDS IN THE LABORATORY BUT NOT IN NATURE: A REANALYSIS OF PREMATING ISOLATION BETWEEN DROSOPHILA ARIZONAE AND D-MOJAVENSIS
SPECIES HYBRIDS IN THE LABORATORY BUT NOT IN NATURE: A REANALYSIS OF PREMATING ISOLATION BETWEEN DROSOPHILA ARIZONAE AND D-MOJAVENSIS
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1558-5646.2009.00834.x
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发表时间：
2010-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Etges, William J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jennings, Jackson H.;Etges, William J.
理解物种形成主要依赖于确定维持物种完整性（即生殖隔离）的机制，特别是当密切相关的物种在自然界中是同域的时候。对果蝇生殖隔离的研究通常涉及实验室交配实验，这些实验假设实验室中的配偶选择模式与野外的相似。两个兄弟物种，果蝇亚利桑那和d.m ojavensis，已知在实验室中表现出低水平的种间杂交，但在自然界中没有，在多种选择交配试验中使用不同的交配室设计以及合成和自然媒介来发育幼虫和求偶成虫。同域居群的性隔离程度高于异域居群，这与过去的研究结果一致，所有实验变量（室大小、寄主植物存在和饲养基质）都对这些物种之间的早熟隔离水平有显著影响。在仙人掌上饲养的苍蝇与在合成实验室食物上饲养的苍蝇相比，在交配试验中提供发酵寄主植物组织的苍蝇表现出更强的早熟隔离。此外，令人惊讶的是，与较大的容器相比，较小的交配室导致了提前交配隔离的增加。因此，设计这些类型的交配试验对于理解实验室中的交配行为与自然种群中的交配行为之间的关系至关重要。
Understanding speciation relies critically on the identification of mechanisms responsible for maintaining species integrity (i.e., reproductive isolation) especially when closely related species are sympatric in nature. Studies of reproductive isolation in Drosophila often involve laboratory mating experiments that assume that patterns of mate choice in the laboratory are similar to those in the wild. Two sibling species, Drosophila arizonae and D. mojavensis, known to exhibit low levels of interspecific hybridization in the laboratory, but not in nature, were used in multiple-choice mating trials using various mating chamber designs as well as synthetic and natural media for developing larvae and courting adults. Sympatric populations were more sexually isolated than allopatric ones, consistent with past studies, and all experimental variables tested (chamber size, host plant presence and rearing substrates) had significant effects on levels of premating isolation between these species. Flies reared on cactus showed increased premating isolation versus those reared on synthetic laboratory food as did providing fermenting host plant tissue during mating trials. Also, surprisingly, smaller mating chambers led to an increase in premating isolation versus larger containers. The design of these types of mating trials is thus critical to understanding how mating behaviors in the laboratory are related to those in natural populations.