Dual-flow-RootChip reveals local adaptations of roots towards environmental asymmetry at the physiological and genetic levels.
Dual-flow-RootChip reveals local adaptations of roots towards environmental asymmetry at the physiological and genetic levels.
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DOI：
10.1111/nph.14887
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发表时间：
2018-02
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Claire E. Stanley;Jagriti Shrivastava;R. Brugman;Elisa Heinzelmann;Dirk van Swaay;G. Grossmann
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Claire E. Stanley;Jagriti Shrivastava;R. Brugman;Elisa Heinzelmann;Dirk van Swaay;G. Grossmann
根生长在高度动态和异构的环境中。生物活动以及不均衡的养分供应或局部压力因素导致不同的微环境。植物适应其根形态以应对不断变化的环境条件，但发育适应在多大程度上基于系统性或细胞自主反应仍然是未知的。我们提出了双流-RootChip，一个微流控平台的不对称灌注拟南芥根，研究根环境相互作用下模拟环境异质性。应用范围从研究生理学，根毛发育和钙信号在选择性暴露于环境应力跟踪分子吸收，进行选择性药物治疗和局部接种微生物。使用双流式RootChip，我们揭示了不对称磷酸盐（Pi）灌注下根毛发育的细胞自主适应，当Pi浓度增加时，暴露于低Pi和快速尖端生长上调的一侧的根毛生长出现意想不到的抑制。不对称的根环境进一步导致RSL 4基因的不对称表达，RSL 4是根毛生长的关键转录调节因子。我们的研究结果表明，根具有在生理和转录水平上局部适应其环境中的异质性条件的能力。能够产生不对称的根微环境将有助于进一步阐明决策过程中的根环境相互作用。
Roots grow in highly dynamic and heterogeneous environments. Biological activity as well as uneven nutrient availability or localized stress factors result in diverse microenvironments. Plants adapt their root morphology in response to changing environmental conditions, yet it remains largely unknown to what extent developmental adaptations are based on systemic or cell-autonomous responses. We present the dual-flow-RootChip, a microfluidic platform for asymmetric perfusion of Arabidopsis roots to investigate root-environment interactions under simulated environmental heterogeneity. Applications range from investigating physiology, root hair development and calcium signalling upon selective exposure to environmental stresses to tracing molecular uptake, performing selective drug treatments and localized inoculations with microbes. Using the dual-flow-RootChip, we revealed cell-autonomous adaption of root hair development under asymmetric phosphate (Pi) perfusion, with unexpected repression in root hair growth on the side exposed to low Pi and rapid tip-growth upregulation when Pi concentrations increased. The asymmetric root environment further resulted in an asymmetric gene expression of RSL4, a key transcriptional regulator of root hair growth. Our findings demonstrate that roots possess the capability to locally adapt to heterogeneous conditions in their environment at the physiological and transcriptional levels. Being able to generate asymmetric microenvironments for roots will help further elucidate decision-making processes in root-environment interactions.