The rocks of Gusev Crater as viewed by the Mini‐TES instrument
The rocks of Gusev Crater as viewed by the Mini‐TES instrument
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Mini-TES 仪器观察到的古谢夫陨石坑的岩石
DOI：
10.1029/2006je002747
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发表时间：
2006
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
S. Squyres
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Ruff;P. Christensen;D. Blaney;W. Farrand;Jeffrey R. Johnson;J. Michalski;J. Moersch;S. Wright;S. Squyres
火星探索漫游者勇气号上的微型热发射光谱仪（Mini-TES）是有效载荷的一部分，旨在调查古谢夫陨石坑是否曾经存在过湖泊。Mini-TES在探测器进入哥伦比亚山的过程中观察了数百块岩石，获得了它们的分布、总体矿物学以及水在该地点的潜在作用的信息。虽然各种形式的尘埃对光谱有贡献，但我们已经建立了处理它的技术。从着陆器到哥伦比亚山底部，在平原上遇到的所有岩石都有共同的光谱特征，与被称为阿迪朗达克类的富含橄榄石的玄武岩相一致。从哥伦比亚山西坡的底部开始，穿过它的长度，岩石在光谱上与平原不同，但可以归为一种称为克洛维斯类的共同类型。这些岩石，其中一些是就地露头，主要由一种成分组成，其光谱特征与未改变的玄武岩玻璃一致，尽管其他探测器仪器的证据表明有明显的改变。丈夫山的西北侧覆盖着被称为Wishstone类的浮石，其光谱特征可以独特地归因于斜长石，这一阶段代表了一半以上的矿物学。有三种玄武岩“外来物”是罕见的例外，它们散落在老公山各处，可能代表了山内局部侵入物的撞击喷出物和/或漂浮物。在丈夫山观测到的罕见露头显示出独特的光谱特征。被称为“和平”的露头显示出分子结合水的特征，而被称为“瞭望塔”的岩石的露头显示出主要的玄武岩玻璃成分。尽管从探测器的有效载荷中发现了一些岩石发生了重大变化的证据，但Mini-TES并没有明确探测到结晶层状硅酸盐或其他次生硅酸盐。Mini-TES提供的矿物学结果没有明确的证据表明古谢夫陨石坑曾经存在过湖泊。
[1] The Miniature Thermal Emission Spectrometer (Mini-TES) on board the Mars Exploration Rover Spirit is part of a payload designed to investigate whether a lake once existed in Gusev Crater. Mini-TES has observed hundreds of rocks along the rover's traverse into the Columbia Hills, yielding information on their distribution, bulk mineralogy, and the potential role of water at the site. Although dust in various forms produces contributions to the spectra, we have established techniques for dealing with it. All of the rocks encountered on the plains traverse from the lander to the base of the Columbia Hills share common spectral features consistent with an olivine-rich basaltic rock known as Adirondack Class. Beginning at the base of the West Spur of the Columbia Hills and across its length, the rocks are spectrally distinct from the plains but can be grouped into a common type called Clovis Class. These rocks, some of which appear as in-place outcrop, are dominated by a component whose spectral character is consistent with unaltered basaltic glass despite evidence from other rover instruments for significant alteration. The northwest flank of Husband Hill is covered in float rocks known as Wishstone Class with spectral features that can be attributed uniquely to plagioclase feldspar, a phase that represents more than half of the bulk mineralogy. Rare exceptions are three classes of basaltic “exotics” found scattered across Husband Hill that may represent impact ejecta and/or float derived from local intrusions within the hills. The rare outcrops observed on Husband Hill display distinctive spectral characteristics. The outcrop called Peace shows a feature attributable to molecular bound water, and the outcrop that hosts the rock called Watchtower displays a dominant basaltic glass component. Despite evidence from the rover's payload for significant alteration of some of the rocks, no unambiguous detection of crystalline phyllosilicates or other secondary silicates has been observed by Mini-TES. The mineralogical results supplied by Mini-TES provide no clear evidence that a lake once existed in Gusev Crater.