Risk of injury to restrained children from passenger air bags.
Risk of injury to restrained children from passenger air bags.
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DOI：
10.1080/15389580309853
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发表时间：
2003-03-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Winston, Flaura K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Durbin, Dennis R;Kallan, Michael;Winston, Flaura K
本研究的目的是估计儿童暴露于乘客安全气囊（PAB）部署的患病率，并确定在正面碰撞碰撞中暴露于PAB的受约束儿童的轻微和更严重的非致命性伤害的相对风险。数据收集从1998年12月1日至2001年11月30日，从一个大规模的，专门针对儿童的碰撞监测系统的基础上保险索赔，电话调查，和现场碰撞调查。有资格列入的车辆是国家农场保险，1990年或更新车型，并涉及至少一名儿童乘员<或=15岁的碰撞。合格的撞车事故仅限于发生在15个州和哥伦比亚特区的事故。设计了分层整群抽样，以选择车辆（抽样单位）进行电话调查的司机。对于儿童乘客严重受伤或死亡的案件，进行了深入的碰撞调查。PAB暴露的患病率计算为在PAB展开碰撞中占据右前座的儿童人数，即在配备PAB的车辆中占据右前座的所有儿童人数。获得了涉及15 341名儿童的9 779辆汽车的完整访谈数据。在接触PAB的儿童中，175名（14%）遭受严重伤害，而对照组中有41名（7.5%）（OR 2.0; 95%CI，1.1-3.7）。在接触PAB的儿童中，任何损伤（轻微和严重）的总体风险为86%，而对照组为55%（OR 5.3; 95% CI，2.1-13.4）。暴露于PAB会增加轻微损伤的风险，包括面部和胸部擦伤，以及更严重的损伤，特别是上肢骨折。
The objectives of this study were to estimate the prevalence of children's exposure to passenger air bag (PAB) deployments and to determine the relative risk of both minor and more serious nonfatal injuries to restrained children exposed to PABs in frontal impact collisions. Data were collected from 1 December 1998 to 30 November 2001 from a large-scale, child-specific crash surveillance system based on insurance claims, a telephone survey, and on-site crash investigations. Vehicles qualifying for inclusion were State Farm-insured, model year 1990 or newer, and involved in a crash with at least one child occupant < or =15 years of age. Qualifying crashes were limited to those that occurred in 15 states and the District of Columbia. A stratified cluster sample was designed in order to select vehicles (the unit of sampling) for the conduction of a telephone survey with the driver. For cases in which child occupants were seriously injured or killed, in-depth crash investigations were performed. The prevalence of exposure to PABs was calculated as the number of children occupying the right front seat in a PAB deployment crash among all children occupying the right front seat in vehicles equipped with PABs. Complete interview data were obtained on 9,779 vehicles involving 15,341 children. Among PAB-exposed children, 175 (14%) suffered serious injuries versus 41 (7.5%) of those in the comparison group (OR 2.0; 95% CI, 1.1-3.7). The overall risk of any injury (both minor and serious) was 86% among children exposed to PABs, compared to 55% among the comparison group (OR 5.3; 95% CI, 2.1-13.4). Exposure to PABs increased the risk of both minor injuries, including facial and chest abrasions, and more serious injuries, particularly upper extremity fractures.