Ocean tidal heating in icy satellites with solid shells

Ocean tidal heating in icy satellites with solid shells
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实心壳冰卫星中的海洋潮汐加热

DOI:
10.1016/j.icarus.2018.04.013
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发表时间:
2018
期刊:
影响因子:
3.2
通讯作者:
Kamata Shunichi
Kamata Shunichi
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Matsuyama Isamu;Beuthe Mikael;Hay Hamish C.F.C.;Nimmo Francis;Kamata Shunichi

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作为一种长期的能源,冰卫星次表层海洋的潮汐加热可以影响其热、旋转和轨道演化,以及海洋的可持续性。我们提出了一个新的理论处理潮汐加热在薄的地下海洋覆盖不可压缩的弹性壳的任意厚度。覆盖在上面的贝壳的稳定作用抑制了海洋潮汐,减少了潮汐加热。这种影响在土卫二上比在木卫二上更明显,因为像土卫二这样的小天体的有效刚度更大。对于土卫二和木卫二可能的外壳和海洋厚度范围,Beuthe(2016)的薄壳近似值通常准确到小于4%。解释土卫二的内生功率辐射从南极地形的海洋潮汐加热需要海洋和壳的厚度,显着小于从重力和地形约束推断的值。海洋潮汐加热的时间平均表面分布是不同的,由于在固体壳的耗散,与较高的耗散赤道附近和两极的偏心率和偏心率强迫,分别。如果壳体是导电的,这可能导致独特的水平壳体厚度变化。由于海洋响应的滞后性,偏心率和重力强迫驱动的地表位移相对于强迫潮位具有相位滞后。对于木卫二和土卫二,偏心率强迫通常会产生更大的潮汐振幅,由于大偏心率值相对于湿度值。尽管双折射值很小,但由于Rossby-Haurwitz波的产生,双折射强迫通常会产生较大的相位滞后。如果木卫二壳层和海洋厚度分别为10和100 km,则偏心力作用下的潮汐振幅和相位滞后分别为26.5 m和<1°,双偏心力作用下的潮汐振幅和相位滞后分别为<2.5 m和<18°。对海洋厚度相位滞后的测量(例如使用Europa Clipper)将提供对海洋厚度的探测
As a long-term energy source, tidal heating in subsurface oceans of icy satellites can influence their thermal, rotational, and orbital evolution, and the sustainability of oceans. We present a new theoretical treatment for tidal heating in thin subsurface oceans with overlying incompressible elastic shells of arbitrary thickness. The stabilizing effect of an overlying shell damps ocean tides, reducing tidal heating. This effect is more pronounced on Enceladus than on Europa because the effective rigidity on a small body like Enceladus is larger. For the range of likely shell and ocean thicknesses of Enceladus and Europa, the thin shell approximation of Beuthe (2016) is generally accurate to less than about 4%. Explaining Enceladus’ endogenic power radiated from the south polar terrain by ocean tidal heating requires ocean and shell thicknesses that are significantly smaller than the values inferred from gravity and topography constraints. The time-averaged surface distribution of ocean tidal heating is distinct from that due to dissipation in the solid shell, with higher dissipation near the equator and poles for eccentricity and obliquity forcing, respectively. This can lead to unique horizontal shell thickness variations if the shell is conductive. The surface displacement driven by eccentricity and obliquity forcing can have a phase lag relative to the forcing tidal potential due to the delayed ocean response. For Europa and Enceladus, eccentricity forcing generally produces greater tidal amplitudes due to the large eccentricity values relative to the obliquity values. Despite the small obliquity values, obliquity forcing generally produces larger phase lags due to the generation of Rossby–Haurwitz waves. If Europa’s shell and ocean are, respectively, 10 and 100 km thick, the tide amplitude and phase lag are 26.5 m and  <1° for eccentricity forcing, and <2.5 m and  <18° for obliquity forcing. Measurement of the obliquity phase lag (e.g. by Europa Clipper) would provide a probe of ocean thickness
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