Role of HOX Genes in Stem Cell Differentiation and Cancer.

Role of HOX Genes in Stem Cell Differentiation and Cancer.
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DOI:
10.1155/2018/3569493
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发表时间:
2018
影响因子:
4.3
通讯作者:
Boman BM
Boman BM
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Bhatlekar S;Fields JZ;Boman BM

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HOX基因编码一组进化上保守的转录因子,这些转录因子控制生物体的表型在发育过程中如何基于其遗传组成而组织。例如,在双侧型动物中,HOX基因被组织在基因簇中,这些基因簇编码解剖学片段身份,即胚胎是否会形成具有头部(前部)、尾部(后部)、背部(背部)和腹部(腹部)的双侧对称性。尽管已知HOX基因调节干细胞(SC)分化并且HOX基因在癌症中失调,但是SC中HOX基因失调导致癌症发展的机制尚未完全理解。因此,本文的目的是(i)审查HOX基因在SC分化中的作用,特别是在胚胎,成人组织特异性和诱导多能SC中,以及(ii)研究SC中失调的HOX基因如何导致结直肠癌(CRC)和急性髓性白血病(AML)的发展。我们使用癌症基因组图谱研究的信息分析了CRC和AML中HOX基因的表达。最后,我们回顾了HOX基因和相关疗法的文献,这些文献可能有助于我们了解开发针对异常HOX基因表达的SC特异性疗法的方法,这些基因表达有助于癌症的发展。
HOX genes encode an evolutionarily conserved set of transcription factors that control how the phenotype of an organism becomes organized during development based on its genetic makeup. For example, in bilaterian-type animals, HOX genes are organized in gene clusters that encode anatomic segment identity, that is, whether the embryo will form with bilateral symmetry with a head (anterior), tail (posterior), back (dorsal), and belly (ventral). Although HOX genes are known to regulate stem cell (SC) differentiation and HOX genes are dysregulated in cancer, the mechanisms by which dysregulation of HOX genes in SCs causes cancer development is not fully understood. Therefore, the purpose of this manuscript was (i) to review the role of HOX genes in SC differentiation, particularly in embryonic, adult tissue-specific, and induced pluripotent SC, and (ii) to investigate how dysregulated HOX genes in SCs are responsible for the development of colorectal cancer (CRC) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We analyzed HOX gene expression in CRC and AML using information from The Cancer Genome Atlas study. Finally, we reviewed the literature on HOX genes and related therapeutics that might help us understand ways to develop SC-specific therapies that target aberrant HOX gene expression that contributes to cancer development.
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