Vegetation succession in deglaciated landscapes: implications for sediment and landscape stability
Vegetation succession in deglaciated landscapes: implications for sediment and landscape stability
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DOI：
10.1002/esp.3691
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发表时间：
2015-06
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
M. Klaar;C. Kidd;Edward T. Malone;R. Bartlett;G. Pinay;F. Chapin;A. Milner
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Klaar;C. Kidd;Edward T. Malone;R. Bartlett;G. Pinay;F. Chapin;A. Milner
冰川退缩暴露的景观提供了一个理想的自然实验室，用于研究将高度扰动、受冰川影响的景观转变为支持众多物种和群落的稳定、多样化的生态系统的过程。利用遥感信息评估了大规模植被发育和沉积物可用性的变化，作为快速消融后冰坡调整的替代指标。使用 Landsat 卫星图像（覆盖 22 年）描绘了广泛的演替植被覆盖类型，以记录陆地植被发展的速度和轨迹。阿拉斯加冰川湾国家公园使用时空替代法，可以“回算”6 个流域 206 年来的年龄和发展阶段。用于监测演替变化的遥感信息具有高精度（89.2%），可以检测演替早期植被类别（裸露沉积物和桤木）的高变化率。相比之下，后期演替阶段（云杉和云杉-铁杉为主的森林）具有较高的植被保留率和较低的周转率。模拟的植被变化率总体上证实了先前报告的演替周转率的估计值。这些数据与已知的陆地演替对土壤发育和沉积物可用性的影响相结合，表明物理和生物过程如何随着时间的推移相互作用，从而影响冰消后的冰川调整。这项研究强调了连续时序景观遥感的应用，以评估快速消融后冰坡调整的时间动态，并表明将生物物理相互作用纳入景观演化模型的重要性。 © 2014 作者。地球表面过程和地貌由 John Wiley & Sons Ltd 出版。
Landscapes exposed by glacial retreat provide an ideal natural laboratory to study the processes involved in transforming a highly disturbed, glacially influenced landscape to a stable, diverse ecosystem which supports numerous species and communities. Large‐scale vegetation development and changes in sediment availability, used as a proxy for paraglacial adjustment following rapid deglaciation, were assessed using information from remote sensing. Delineation of broad successional vegetation cover types was undertaken using Landsat satellite imagery (covering a 22 year period) to document the rate and trajectory of terrestrial vegetation development. Use of a space‐for‐time substitution in Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska, allowed ‘back‐calculation’ of the age and stage of development of six catchments over 206 years. The high accuracy (89.2%) of the remotely sensed information used in monitoring successional change allowed detection of a high rate of change in vegetation classes in early successional stages (bare sediment and alder). In contrast, later successional stages (spruce and spruce–hemlock dominated forest) had high vegetation class retention, and low turnover. Modelled rates of vegetation change generally confirmed the estimated rates of successional turnover previously reported. These data, when combined with the known influence of terrestrial succession on soil development and sediment availability, suggest how physical and biological processes interact over time to influence paraglacial adjustment following deglaciation. This study highlights the application of remote sensing of successional chronosequence landscapes to assess the temporal dynamics of paraglacial adjustment following rapid deglaciation and shows the importance of incorporating bio‐physical interactions within landscape evolution models. © 2014 The Authors. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.