Long‐ and short‐term effects of smothering and burial by drill cuttings on calcareous algae in a static‐renewal test
Long‐ and short‐term effects of smothering and burial by drill cuttings on calcareous algae in a static‐renewal test
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静态更新试验中钻屑窒息和掩埋对钙质藻类的长期和短期影响
DOI：
10.1002/etc.2938
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
M. Figueiredo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Reynier;F. Tâmega;S. D. A. Daflon;Maurício A. B. Santos;R. Coutinho;M. Figueiredo
在海上油井钻探过程中，钻屑排放到海洋中，会增加水柱中悬浮颗粒的浓度，并在钻井装置周围的海底沉积颗粒，从而影响底栖生物群落。本研究通过短期（30 d）和长期（90 d）实验，评估了水基钻屑、重晶石、膨润土和天然沉积物对浅水和深水钙质藻类的影响，研究对象是巴西Campos盆地Peregrino油田的两种钙藻：Mesophyllum engelhartii和Lithothamnion sp.。研究结果与浅水物种Lithothamnion crispatum进行了比较。模拟了窒息和掩埋暴露。记录产氧量和荧光读数。虽然产量较低，但对胁迫的敏感性与石肥草相同。暴露60 d后，石肥草对钻屑、重晶石和膨润土的窒息敏感，暴露90 d后对自然沉积物的影响相似。这些结果表明，沉积物的窒息造成的物理效应可能是部分光衰减和部分气体交换的限制，但并没有长期杀死钙质藻类。然而，60 d后，自然沉积物或钻屑的1 - mo埋藏足以使两种藻类减少氧气的产生，并且两种沉积物源下的藻类都完全死亡。环境科学与技术，2015;33(4):563 - 567。©2015 setac
Discharge of drill cuttings into the ocean during drilling of offshore oil wells can impact benthic communities through an increase in the concentrations of suspended particles in the water column and sedimentation of particles on the seafloor around the drilling installation. The present study assessed effects of water‐based drill cuttings, barite, bentonite, and natural sediments on shallow‐ and deep‐water calcareous algae in short‐term (30 d) and long‐term (90 d) experiments, using 2 species from Peregrino's oil field at Campos Basin, Brazil: Mesophyllum engelhartii and Lithothamnion sp. The results were compared with the shallow‐water species Lithothamnion crispatum. Smothering and burial exposures were simulated. Oxygen production and fluorescence readings were recorded. Although less productive, M. engelhartii was as sensitive to stress as Lithothamnion sp. Mesophyllum engelhartii was sensitive to smothering by drill cuttings, barite, and bentonite after 60 d of exposure and was similarly affected by natural sediments after 90 d. These results indicate that smothering by sediments caused physical effects that might be attributable to partial light attenuation and partial restriction on gas exchange but did not kill the calcareous algae in the long term. However, 1‐mo burial by either natural sediments or drill cuttings was sufficient after 60 d for both species to reduce oxygen production, and the algae were completely dead under both sources of sediments. Environ Toxicol Chem 2015;34:1572–1577. © 2015 SETAC