Assessment of water resource security in Chongqing City of China: What has been done and what remains to be done?
Assessment of water resource security in Chongqing City of China: What has been done and what remains to be done?
复制标题
中国重庆市水资源安全评估：已经做了什么，还需要做什么？
DOI：
10.1007/s11069-014-1460-5
复制
发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Wang La-Chun
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhang Jun-Yi;Wang La-Chun
水资源既是区域可持续发展的基础，也是社会经济可持续发展的基础。此外，水资源安全评价是进行有效水资源管理的前提。水资源问题已成为制约可持续发展的重要因素之一。如何有效识别压力因素，评估现有水资源管理措施是实现安全问题的重要基础。本文以重庆市中国为例，对应激因素和水管理措施的有效性进行了评价。压力、状态和响应框架允许基于三个子系统对水资源进行评估：压力子系统、状态子系统和响应子系统。为了确定重庆市水资源系统压力的来源，并评价现有应对措施的有效性，利用集对模型对重庆市2000~2011年的水资源安全状况进行了评价。结果表明，重庆市水资源安全总体改善，2000-2006年处于中等预警水平，2007-2011年处于临界安全水平。重庆市水资源系统面临的压力主要来自三峡库区经济快速增长、城镇化和农业发展。然而，一些应对措施已经用尽了改进的能力，而另一些措施的执行还不够充分。重庆水资源系统改善的主要原因是森林覆盖率的提高和三峡水库生态治理的持续投入。
Water resources are the basis of both regional sustainable development and a sustainable socioeconomy. Moreover, the evaluation of water resource security is a prerequisite for effective water resources management. Existing water resource problems have become one of the most significant factors limiting sustainable development. How to effectively identify stress factors and assess existing water resource management measures is important basis to achieve security issues. With Chongqing City of China, stress factors and the efficiency of water management measures were evaluated in this paper. The pressure, status, and response framework allows for the assessment of water resources based on three subsystems: the pressure subsystem, the status subsystem, and the response subsystem. Using an entropy-weighted set pair model, Chongqing’s water resource security from 2000 to 2011 was evaluated in an effort to determine the source of the pressure on the water resources system and to evaluate the efficiency of present response measures. The results show that water resource security has generally improved in Chongqing, which was in the Moderate Warning Level from 2000 to 2006 and in the Critical Safety Level from 2007 to 2011. The pressure on the water resources system in Chongqing mainly comes from rapid economic growth, urbanization, and the development of agriculture in Three Gorges Reservoir. However, some response measures have exhausted their capacity for improvement, while the enforcement of others has not been adequate. The main reason for improvement in the water resources system in Chongqing is the increase in forest coverage and the continuous investment in ecological management of the Three Gorges Reservoir.