What's in a resource gradient? Comparing alternative cues for foraging in dynamic environments via movement, perception, and memory
What's in a resource gradient? Comparing alternative cues for foraging in dynamic environments via movement, perception, and memory
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DOI：
10.1007/s12080-022-00542-0
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发表时间：
2022-08-23
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Cosner，Chris
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fagan，William F.;Saborio，Cole;Cosner，Chris
消费者必须在复杂的环境中跟踪和获取资源。许多讨论都集中在“资源梯度”的概念以及消费者在寻找资源时利用此类梯度的机制。然而，跟踪资源梯度的概念在不同的上下文中意味着不同的事情。在这里，我们采用综合方法，考虑基于密度或密度梯度搜索资源的六种不同定义。其中包括消费者根据同种密度、资源密度以及资源的空间或时间梯度改变其移动行为的场景。我们还考虑涉及非局部感知和某种形式的记忆的场景。我们使用允许消费者在资源跟踪和随机运动之间切换的连续空间、连续时间模型，研究了这六种不同策略的相对性能。消费者在匹配其资源时空分布方面的成功率在这六种情况下存在明显差异。基于对时间（而不是空间）资源梯度的感知和响应的移动策略为消费者提供了匹配资源分布的最佳机会。所有场景都将允许在基本参数方面优化资源匹配，为进化适应提供机会，并链接回觅食生态学的经典研究。
Consumers must track and acquire resources in complex landscapes. Much discussion has focused on the concept of a ‘resource gradient’ and the mechanisms by which consumers can take advantage of such gradients as they navigate their landscapes in search of resources. However, the concept of tracking resource gradients means different things in different contexts. Here, we take a synthetic approach and consider six different definitions of what it means to search for resources based on density or gradients in density. These include scenarios where consumers change their movement behavior based on the density of conspecifics, on the density of resources, and on spatial or temporal gradients in resources. We also consider scenarios involving non-local perception and a form of memory. Using a continuous space, continuous time model that allows consumers to switch between resource-tracking and random motion, we investigate the relative performance of these six different strategies. Consumers’ success in matching the spatiotemporal distributions of their resources differs starkly across the six scenarios. Movement strategies based on perception and response to temporal (rather than spatial) resource gradients afforded consumers with the best opportunities to match resource distributions. All scenarios would allow for optimization of resource-matching in terms of the underlying parameters, providing opportunities for evolutionary adaptation, and links back to classical studies of foraging ecology.