Adaptation to divergent larval diets in the medfly, Ceratitis capitata.
Adaptation to divergent larval diets in the medfly, Ceratitis capitata.
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DOI：
10.1111/evo.13113
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发表时间：
2017-02
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Chapman T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Leftwich PT;Nash WJ;Friend LA;Chapman T
饮食的变化可以影响主要生活史事件的时间，并可以推动种群多样化和最终物种形成。生活史对饮食的近似反应已经得到很好的研究。然而，关于生物如何长期适应不同饮食的实验数据很少。我们专注于这一遗漏测试的全球性害虫，地中海果蝇，不同的营养配置文件的幼虫饮食的分歧选择的反应。在30代营养选择之前和之后进行的测试揭示了新型幼虫饮食条件对可塑反应和进化反应的影响之间存在复杂的相互作用。在成年雄性求偶和交配频率中，对幼虫饮食只有近似的反应。高热量幼虫饮食的男性一贯从事更多的充满活力的求爱。相比之下，以下选择，幼虫发育时间，和鸡蛋到成人的生存显示出进化的饮食制度之间的分歧的证据。成年个体的大小显示出适应的证据，当用它们“自己的”饮食饲养时，苍蝇明显更重。结果显示了个体对饮食选择的多方面反应，并且对于理解地中海实蝇所表现出的极端通才是重要的。
Variation in diet can influence the timing of major life‐history events and can drive population diversification and ultimately speciation. Proximate responses of life histories to diet have been well studied. However, there are scant experimental data on how organisms adapt to divergent diets over the longer term. We focused on this omission by testing the responses of a global pest, the Mediterranean fruitfly, to divergent selection on larval diets of different nutritional profiles. Tests conducted before and after 30 generations of nutritional selection revealed a complex interplay between the effects of novel larval dietary conditions on both plastic and evolved responses. There were proximate‐only responses to the larval diet in adult male courtship and the frequency of copulation. Males on higher calorie larval diets consistently engaged in more bouts of energetic courtship. In contrast, following selection, larval development time, and egg to adult survival showed evidence of evolved divergence between diet regimes. Adult body size showed evidence for adaptation, with flies being significantly heavier when reared on their “own” diet. The results show the multifaceted responses of individuals to dietary selection and are important in understanding the extreme generalism exhibited by the medfly.