Optical Clocks and Relativity
Optical Clocks and Relativity
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DOI：
10.1126/science.1192720
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发表时间：
2010-09-24
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
Wineland, D. J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chou, C. W.;Hume, D. B.;Wineland, D. J.
处于相对运动或不同引力势的观测者测量不同的时钟速率。这些相对论的预言以前已经用原子钟在高速和高度变化很大的情况下观察到了。我们通过比较两个由75米长的光纤连接的光学原子钟，观察到相对速度小于每秒10米的时间膨胀。我们现在还可以检测到由于地球表面附近高度变化不到1米而引起的时间膨胀。这一技术可扩展到大地测量领域，应用于地球物理学和水文学以及基础物理学的天基测试。
Observers in relative motion or at different gravitational potentials measure disparate clock rates. These predictions of relativity have previously been observed with atomic clocks at high velocities and with large changes in elevation. We observed time dilation from relative speeds of less than 10 meters per second by comparing two optical atomic clocks connected by a 75-meter length of optical fiber. We can now also detect time dilation due to a change in height near Earth's surface of less than 1 meter. This technique may be extended to the field of geodesy, with applications in geophysics and hydrology as well as in space-based tests of fundamental physics.