Molecular, cellular and Yin-Yang regulation of grain size and number in rice
Molecular, cellular and Yin-Yang regulation of grain size and number in rice
复制标题
水稻籽粒大小和数量的分子、细胞和阴阳调控
DOI：
10.1007/s11032-019-1078-0
复制
发表时间：
2019-12-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Li, Yibo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fan, Yawei;Li, Yibo
最终籽粒大小和单株粒数是决定水稻和其他谷物产量的两个主要发育性状，代表着水稻的库容量。了解控制籽粒大小和数量的调控机制已成为植物科学的一个重要研究领域。花序分生组织、分支分生组织和花分生组织的活性、大小和数量决定了籽粒的数量和大小，而这些分生组织的活性、大小和数量又受细胞分裂、细胞扩增和细胞分化的速率和持续时间的协调调节。目前的进展揭示了控制颗粒大小和数量的几种信号通路，包括G蛋白信号通路、BR、CK和IAA的生物合成和信号通路、MAPK信号通路、肽信号通路、遍在蛋白-蛋白酶体降解通路、表观遗传通路和转录调节。本文综述了水稻粒数与大小协调的分子、细胞和阴阳调控机制的研究进展，对突破水稻粒数与大小协调的产量瓶颈具有重要意义。我们还提出了16个关键的科学问题，这些问题是水稻和其他作物的粒度和数量的基础，呼吁国际社会共同努力，以GSGN 16项目的形式研究和解决这些问题。
Final grain size and grain number per plant, representing the sink capacity, are two major developmental traits determining grain yield of rice and other cereals. Understanding the regulatory mechanisms controlling grain size and number has become an important research field in plant science. Grain number and size are determined by the activity, size and number of inflorescence meristems, branch meristems and floral meristems, which are coordinately regulated by both rate and duration of cell division, cell expansion and cell differentiation. Current advances have revealed several signaling pathways controlling grain size and number, including G protein signaling, biosynthesis and signaling of BR, CK and IAA, MAPK signaling, peptide signaling, the ubiquitin-proteasome degradation pathway, epigenetic pathways and transcriptional regulation. This review provides a general overview of recent findings and future perspectives in molecular, cellular and Yin-Yang regulatory mechanisms of coordinating grain size and number in rice, which has substantial implications for breaking the yield bottleneck caused by the trade-off of grain size and number in crop genetic improvement. We also propose 16 key scientific questions underlying grain size and number in rice and other crops to call for an international coordinated effort in studying and solving these problems in the form of a project named GSGN16.