BIOASSAY-DIRECTED CHEMICAL-ANALYSIS OF ORGANIC EXTRACTS OF EMISSIONS FROM A LABORATORY-SCALE INCINERATOR - COMBUSTION OF SURROGATE COMPOUNDS
BIOASSAY-DIRECTED CHEMICAL-ANALYSIS OF ORGANIC EXTRACTS OF EMISSIONS FROM A LABORATORY-SCALE INCINERATOR - COMBUSTION OF SURROGATE COMPOUNDS
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DOI：
10.1080/00102209208947182
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发表时间：
1992-01-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
LINAK, WP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
DEMARINI, DM;WILLIAMS, RW;LINAK, WP
一个原型/实验室规模的回转窑（73千瓦，250000英热单位/小时）被用来检查的化学成分和生物效应的排放物时，窑是在次优条件下操作，导致分批收费。评价的替代废物是聚乙烯、聚氯乙烯、甲苯、四氯化碳、聚乙烯+聚氯乙烯和甲苯+四氯化碳。在菌株TA 98（+ S9）中，使用沙门氏菌（艾姆斯）致突变性试验评价了微粒（收集在过滤器上）和半挥发物（收集在XAD-2树脂上）中二氯甲烷可浸提有机物的致突变活性。排放物的致突变效力（回复突变体/微克可提取有机物）排序如下：PE > TOL > PE + PVC > TOL + CCl 4。PVC和CCl 4排放物的有机提取物无致突变性。TOL或PE排放物的致突变排放因子（回复突变体/千克燃料或/兆焦耳热）与城市垃圾燃烧器的致突变排放因子相似; PE + PVC或TOL + CCl 4的致突变排放因子与工业和公用事业锅炉和发电厂中燃烧的油或煤的致突变排放因子相似。这些结果表明，致突变排放因子可能取决于尽可能多或更多的焚烧炉的操作条件比原料。通过高压液相色谱法（HPLC）对提取物进行分级，并在微悬浮液致突变试验中使用菌株TA 98（+ S9）评价各HPLC级分的致突变活性。通过对选定的致突变组分进行质谱分析，进行生物测定指导的化学分析。在PE排放物的致突变组分中鉴定了各种多环芳烃。这项研究表明，进行化学和生物分析的化学复杂的燃烧排放物，以表征这种混合物的潜在健康影响的价值。
A prototype/laboratory-scale rotary kiln (73 kW, 250000 Btu/h) was used to examine the chemical composition and biological effects of the emissions produced when the kiln was operated under suboptimal conditions resulting from batch charging. The surrogate wastes evaluated were polyethylene (PE), polyvinylchloride (PVC), toluene (TOL), carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), PE + PVC, and TOL + CCl4. The dichloromethane-extractable organics from particles (collected on filters) and semi-volatiles (collected on XAD-2 resin) were evaluated for mutagenic activity using the Salmonella (Ames) mutagerticity assay in strain TA98 (+ S9). The mutagenic potencies (revertants/microgram of extractable organics) of the emissions ranked as follows: PE > TOL > PE + PVC > TOL + CCl4. The organic extracts from the PVC and CCl4 emissions were not mutagenic. The mutagenic emission factors (revertants/kilogram of fuel or /megajoule of heat) for the TOL or PE emissions were similar to those for municipal waste combustors; those for PE + PVC or TOL + CCl4 were similar to those for oil or coal burned in industrial and utility boilers and power plants. These results suggest that the mutagenic emission factors may depend as much or more on the operating conditions of the incinerator than on the feed stock. Extracts were fractionated by high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC), and each HPLC fraction was evaluated for mutagenic activity using strain TA98 (+ S9) in a microsuspension mutagenicity assay. Bioassay-directed chemical analysis was performed by subjecting selected mutagenic fractions to analysis by mass spectrometry. Various PAHs were identified in mutagenic fractions of the PE emissions. This study illustrates the value of performing both chemical and biological analyses of chemically complex combustion emissions in order to characterize the potential health effects of such mixtures.