Emotional attention: effects of emotion and gaze direction on overt orienting of visual attention
Emotional attention: effects of emotion and gaze direction on overt orienting of visual attention
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DOI：
10.1007/s10339-007-0198-3
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发表时间：
2008-05-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Pellicano, Antonello
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bonifacci, Paola;Ricciardelli, Paola;Pellicano, Antonello
在本研究中，我们考虑了两个被认为在情绪注意中起作用的因素：凝视方向的感知和情绪的面部表情。参与者执行了一项动眼力任务，在这项任务中，他们必须根据出现在电脑屏幕中央的注视点的颜色，向两个横向目标中的一个扫视。在不同的时间间隔（刺激开始异步，soa: 50,100,150毫秒），在点开始后，在屏幕中央呈现一张人脸的照片（凝视右侧或左侧）。面部注视方向可能与目标位置一致或不一致，表情可能是中性或愤怒的。在实验1中，面部表情被随机呈现在一个单独的块中，而在实验2中，面部表情被随机呈现在不同的块中。在分析中考虑了正确扫视的延迟和错误的百分比（扫视方向错误）。结果表明，相对于一致的实验，不一致的实验决定了更高比例的扫视方向错误，从而证实了即使在任务无关的情况下，凝视方向也会干扰观察者眼球运动行为的准确性。研究发现，与中性表情相比，愤怒表情吸引注意力的时间更长，产生延迟的眼跳潜伏期。这在100毫秒SOA和不一致的试验中尤为明显。情绪化的面孔可能会对显性注意机制产生调节作用。
In the present study we considered the two factors that have been advocated for playing a role in emotional attention: perception of gaze direction and facial expression of emotions. Participants performed an oculomotor task in which they had to make a saccade towards one of the two lateral targets, depending on the colour of the fixation dot which appeared at the centre of the computer screen. At different time intervals (stimulus onset asynchronies, SOAs: 50,100,150 ms) following the onset of the dot, a picture of a human face (gazing either to the right or to the left) was presented at the centre of the screen. The gaze direction of the face could be congruent or incongruent with respect to the location of the target, and the expression could be neutral or angry. In Experiment 1 the facial expressions were presented randomly in a single block, whereas in Experiment 2 they were shown in separate blocks. Latencies for correct saccades and percentage of errors (saccade direction errors) were considered in the analyses. Results showed that incongruent trials determined a significantly higher percentage of saccade direction errors with respect to congruent trials, thus confirming that gaze direction, even when task-irrelevant, interferes with the accuracy of the observer's oculomotor behaviour. The angry expression was found to hold attention for a longer time with respect to the neutral one, producing delayed saccade latencies. This was particularly evident at 100 ms SOA and for incongruent trials. Emotional faces may then exert a modulatory effect on overt attention mechanisms.