The early bird gets the worm: foraging strategies of wild songbirds lead to the early discovery of food sources
The early bird gets the worm: foraging strategies of wild songbirds lead to the early discovery of food sources
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DOI：
10.1098/rsbl.2013.0578
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发表时间：
2013-12-23
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Lang, Stephen D. J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Farine, Damien R.;Lang, Stephen D. J.
为了生存，动物需要管理捕食和饥饿的综合风险。理论和经验研究表明，个体可以通过将进食(从而脂肪储存)推迟到下午晚些时候来降低捕食风险。然而，人们对个体如何管理资源不确定性和捕食风险的对立压力知之甚少。我们建议人们应该遵循两个部分的策略：在一天的早些时候优先发现食物，在一天的晚些时候利用最好的补丁。使用自动数据记录器，我们测试了在混合物种觅食协会中个体发现新的觅食地点时是否存在时间成分。我们发现，早上部署的食物比下午部署的食物被发现的频率要高得多。根据这些人口的日常活动模式，上午新来港定居人士的整体比率亦显著高于预期，而下午则显著低于预期。这些结果与我们的预测一致，即在一天的过程中，从补丁发现转向开发。
Animals need to manage the combined risks of predation and starvation in order to survive. Theoretical and empirical studies have shown that individuals can reduce predation risk by delaying feeding (and hence fat storage) until late afternoon. However, little is known about how individuals manage the opposing pressures of resource uncertainty and predation risks. We suggest that individuals should follow a two-part strategy: prioritizing the discovery of food early in the day and exploiting the best patch late in the day. Using automated data loggers, we tested whether a temporal component exists in the discovery of novel foraging locations by individuals in a mixed-species foraging guild. We found that food deployed in the morning was discovered significantly more often than food deployed in the afternoon. Based on the diurnal activity patterns in this population, overall rates of new arrivals were also significantly higher than expected in the morning and significantly lower than expected in the afternoon. These results align with our predictions of a shift from patch discovery to exploitation over the course of the day.