"Prefrontal" Neuronal Foundations of Visual Asymmetries in Pigeons.
"Prefrontal" Neuronal Foundations of Visual Asymmetries in Pigeons.
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– 前额叶 – 鸽子视觉不对称的神经元基础
DOI：
10.3389/fphys.2022.882597
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Guentuerkuen, Onur
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Xiao, Qian;Guentuerkuen, Onur
进行这项研究的目的是为了揭示鸟类尾外侧巢（NCL）在颜色辨别任务中可能的侧化过程，NCL是哺乳动物前额叶皮层的功能类似物。众所周知，鸽子在视觉上偏侧，左半球/右眼在视觉特征辨别方面具有优势。当动物进行颜色辨别任务时，我们在左右 NCL 中记录了单个视觉运动神经元。正如预期的那样，当鸽子用右眼看到刺激物时，学得更快，反应也更快。我们的电生理记录发现了 NCL 神经元的几种神经元特性，这些特性可能导致了这种行为不对称。我们发现左右 NCL 的刺激编码速度相同，但动作生成不同。在这里，大多数左半球 NCL 神经元在响应执行前不久就达到了活动高峰。相比之下，大多数右半球神经元落后并且来得太晚，无法控制反应。因此，左 NCL 控制动物的行为并不是因为编码效率更高，而是因为更快地垄断了操作反应。进一步的不对称性涉及来自对侧和同侧眼睛的输入的半球特异性整合。左侧 NCL 能够更高程度地整合和处理来自同侧眼睛的视觉输入，从而实现两个视野的更多双边表征。我们将这些新颖的发现与之前出版物中的发现相结合，提出了一个工作假设，该假设可以解释鸟类视觉特征辨别的半球不对称性是如何通过鸟类前脑中侧化神经元反应特性的顺序积累来实现的。
This study was conducted in order to reveal the possibly lateralized processes in the avian nidopallium caudolaterale (NCL), a functional analogue to the mammalian prefrontal cortex, during a color discrimination task. Pigeons are known to be visually lateralized with a superiority of the left hemisphere/right eye for visual feature discriminations. While animals were working on a color discrimination task, we recorded single visuomotor neurons in left and right NCL. As expected, pigeons learned faster and responded more quickly when seeing the stimuli with their right eyes. Our electrophysiological recordings discovered several neuronal properties of NCL neurons that possibly contributed to this behavioral asymmetry. We found that the speed of stimulus encoding was identical between left and right NCL but action generation was different. Here, most left hemispheric NCL neurons reached their peak activities shortly before response execution. In contrast, the majority of right hemispheric neurons lagged behind and came too late to control the response. Thus, the left NCL dominated the animals’ behavior not by a higher efficacy of encoding, but by being faster in monopolizing the operant response. A further asymmetry concerned the hemisphere-specific integration of input from the contra- and ipsilateral eye. The left NCL was able to integrate and process visual input from the ipsilateral eye to a higher degree and thus achieved a more bilateral representation of two visual fields. We combine these novel findings with those from previous publications to come up with a working hypothesis that could explain how hemispheric asymmetries for visual feature discrimination in birds are realized by a sequential buildup of lateralized neuronal response properties in the avian forebrain.
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