The proposed role of suppression in simultaneous interpretation.
The proposed role of suppression in simultaneous interpretation.
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提议的抑制在同声传译中的作用。
DOI：
10.1075/intp.2.1-2.05ger
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发表时间：
1997
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Shlesinger,Miriam
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gernsbacher,MortonAnn;Shlesinger,Miriam
在本文中，我们认为抑制的认知机制减弱了许多语言理解现象中的干扰，当理解必须与其他认知任务共享处理能力时，这一机制尤为重要，例如同声传译。在词汇获取过程中，抑制机制减弱了其他词汇信息的激活所造成的干扰，如同音异义词的不恰当含义。在回指过程中，这种抑制机制减弱了其他潜在指物激活所造成的干扰。这样，暗指所指的对象就成为最活跃的概念。在句法解析过程中，抑制机制减弱了先前句法形式造成的干扰。在隐喻理解过程中，抑制机制减弱了字面解释的干扰。在推理过程中，抑制机制减弱了由初始但不适当的推理引起的干扰。因此，我们认为抑制是一种普遍的认知机制，可以减弱干扰，在语言理解和同声传译中起着至关重要的作用。
In this paper we suggest that the cognitive mechanism of suppression attenuates interference in many language comprehension phenomena, and is particularly crucial when comprehension must share processing capacity with other cognitive tasks, as is manifestly the case in simultaneous interpreting. During lexical access, the mechanism of suppression attenuates the interference caused by the activation of other lexical information, such as the inappropriate meanings of homonyms. During anaphoric reference, the mechanism of suppression attenuates the interference caused by the activation of other potential referents. In this way, the referent to which the anaphor does refer becomes the most activated concept. During syntactic parsing, the mechanism of suppression attenuates the interference caused by a previous syntactic form. During metaphor comprehension, the mechanism of suppression attenuates the interference caused by a literal interpretation. During inferencing, the mechanism of suppression attenuates the interference caused by an initial but inappropriate inference. We propose therefore that suppression — a general, cognitive mechanism that attenuates interference — plays a crucial role in language comprehension and simultaneous interpretation.