Antimicrobial drug usage and poultry production: case study in Ghana
Antimicrobial drug usage and poultry production: case study in Ghana
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DOI：
10.1071/an16832
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发表时间：
2019-01-01
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
Tasiame, William
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Johnson, Sherry;Bugyei, Kwasi;Tasiame, William
在食用动物生产中使用抗菌剂会导致动物产品中出现抗菌剂残留。在加纳，没有对动物源性食品中的抗菌剂残留物进行监测的计划。我们确定了Dormaa市家禽生产中使用的抗菌药物类型以及家禽产品中发现的残留水平。进行横断面研究，结构化问卷调查和直接观察方法，以评估抗菌药物的使用，知识和遵守停药期在随机选择的家禽养殖场。从选定的受访者的农场购买鸡蛋和准备销售肉鸡，使用微生物抑制平板试验检测和定量残留物。调查对象为115个农场的132名农民。农场（86%）为预防目的向鸟类施用药物。共有28个（24.3%）农场的鸡蛋中有四环素残留，25个（21.7%）农场的肾脏中有四环素残留，14个（12.2%）农场的肝脏中有四环素残留。平均值（+/- s.d.）发现四环素浓度（μ g/g）为：鸡蛋0.02 +/- 0.003;肾脏0.02 +/- 0.01;肝脏0.01 +/- 0.008。26个在鸡蛋中存在残留物的农场（92.9%; rho > 0.05）在处理产蛋禽期间出售了鸡蛋。分别有44.3%、17.4%和2.6%的农场在标签外基础上向禽类施用了人用制剂中的一种消毒剂和两种抗生素。四环素类是研究地区家禽养殖中使用的主要抗菌药物，很少或根本不考虑停药期。在家禽中发现四环素残留，但低于食品法典委员会规定的最高残留水平。标签外使用消毒剂对水禽造成健康危害，农民和消费者一样。
Antimicrobial use in food animal production could lead to the occurrence of antimicrobial residues in the animal products. In Ghana, there is no monitoring program for antimicrobial residue in foods of animal origin. We determined the types of antimicrobial drugs used in poultry production in Dormaa municipality and the levels of residue found in poultry products. Performing a cross-sectional study, a structured questionnaire and direct observation methods were used to assess antimicrobial usage, knowledge of and adherence to withdrawal periods in randomly selected poultry farms. Eggs and ready-for-sale broilers were purchased from selected respondents' farms for detection and quantification of residues using the microbial inhibition plate assay. A total of 132 farmers were interviewed from 115 farms. Farms (86%) administered drugs to birds for prophylactic purposes. A total of 28 (24.3%) farms had tetracycline residue in eggs, 25 (21.7%) in kidney and 14 (12.2%) in liver. Mean (+/- s.d.) tetracycline concentration (mu g/g) found were: eggs 0.02 +/- 0.003; kidneys 0.02 +/- 0.01; and liver 0.01 +/- 0.008. Twenty-six farms (92.9%; rho > 0.05) that had residues in eggs had sold eggs during treatment of the laying birds. A disinfectant and two antibiotics in human formulations were administered to birds in 44.3%, 17.4% and 2.6% farms respectively on an extra-label basis. Tetracyclines were the main antimicrobial drugs used in poultry farming in the study area with little or no regard to withdrawal periods. Tetracycline residue was found in poultry but below the Maximum Residue Level set by Codex Alimentarius. Extra-label use of disinfectant to water-medicate birds poses a health hazard to farmers and consumers alike.