An advanced approach to reactivity rating
An advanced approach to reactivity rating
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2004.08.015
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发表时间：
2005-02-14
影响因子：
13.6
通讯作者：
Akhmetshin, Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kossoy, A;Benin, A;Akhmetshin, Y
反应性危害仍然是化学工业中的一个重大安全挑战，尽管人们一直在关注这个问题。应用反应性危害评估准则建议的各种标准，往往会导致获得不安全的结果。这类失效的主要原因是：（a）将化合物的反应性视为化合物的固有属性;（B）采用过于简单的方法确定了一些适当的标准，无法正确揭示潜在的危害。本文分析了四个著名的危险指标--达到一定转化极限的时间（TCL）、达到最大反应速率的绝热时间（TMR）、绝热温升和NFPA反应性额定值（N-r）。结果表明，只要：（a）所选指标适合于某一工艺的具体条件;（B）所选指标是采用相关方法确定的，则可安全地用于反应性危害的初步评价。每个指标的适用范围进行了确定和先进的动力学为基础的模拟方法，它允许可靠的指标确定，提出。应用这种方法的技术说明了两个实际的例子。(C)2004 Elsevier B. V.保留所有权利。
Reactive hazards remain a significant safety challenge in the chemical industry despite continual attention devoted to this problem. The application of various criteria, which are recommended by the guidelines for assessment of reactive hazards, often causes unsafe results to be obtained. The main origins of such failures are as follows: (a) reactivity of a compound is considered as an inherent property of a compound; (b) some appropriate criteria are determined by using too simple methods that cannot reveal potential hazards properly. Four well-known hazard indicators-time to certain conversion limit, TCL; adiabatic time to maximum rate, TMR; adiabatic temperature rise; and NFPA reactivity rating number, N-r-areanalyzed in the paper. It was ascertained that they could be safely used for preliminary assessment of reactive hazards provided that: (a) the selected indicator is appropriate for the specific conditions of a process; (b) the indicators have been determined by using the pertinent methods. The applicability limits for every indicator were determined and the advanced kinetics-based simulation approach, which allows reliable determination of the indicators, is proposed. The technique of applying this approach is illustrated by two practical examples. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.