Characterization of the tautomycetin biosynthetic gene cluster from Streptomyces griseochromogenes provides new insight into dialkylmaleic anhydride biosynthesis.

Characterization of the tautomycetin biosynthetic gene cluster from Streptomyces griseochromogenes provides new insight into dialkylmaleic anhydride biosynthesis.
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DOI:
10.1021/np8007478
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发表时间:
2009-03-27
影响因子:
5.1
通讯作者:
Shent, Ben
Shent, Ben
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Li, Wenli;Luo, Yinggang;Ju, Jianhua;Rajski, Scott R.;Osada, Hiroyuki;Shent, Ben

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互变霉素(TTN)是一种高效、特异性的蛋白磷酸酶抑制剂,分离自灰色产色链霉菌。TTN的生物活性使其成为药物发现的重要先导,而其罕见的二烷基马来酸酐部分和与互变霉素(TTM)(另一种具有巨大药用潜力的强效磷酸酶抑制剂)的结构相似性,引起了人们对负责其生产的新型生物合成化学的关注。为了阐明与TTN产生相关的生物合成机制,从S.灰产色菌的分离和特点,其参与TTN生物合成的基因失活和互补实验证实。ttn簇定位于79 kb DNA区域,由19个开放阅读框组成,其编码两个模块化I型聚酮酶(TtnAB)、一个II型硫酯酶(TtnH)、八个二烷基马来酸酐生物合成蛋白(TtnKLMNOPRS)、四个剪裁酶(TtnCDFI)、两个调节蛋白(TtnGQ)和一个抗性蛋白(TtnJ)。TTN生物合成的模型提出的基础上,从序列分析,这与以前的喂养实验,以及同意的功能分配,在体内基因失活实验的支持,并支持类比最近报道的TTM集群。这些发现为全面研究TTN生物合成和生物合成工程新的TTN类似物奠定了基础。
Tautomycetin (TTN) is a highly potent and specific protein phosphatase inhibitor isolated from Streptomyces griseochromogenes. The biological activity of TTN makes it an important lead for drug discovery, whereas its rare dialkylmaleic anhydride moiety and structural similarity to tautomycin (TTM), another potent phosphatase inhibitor with tremendous medicinal potential, draws attention to novel biosynthetic chemistries responsible for its production. To elucidate the biosynthetic machinery associated with TTN production, the ttn biosynthetic gene cluster from S. griseochromogenes was isolated and characterized, and its involvement in TTN biosynthesis confirmed by gene inactivation and complementation experiments. The ttn cluster was localized to a 79 kb DNA region, consisting of 19 open reading frames that encode two modular type I polyketide synthases (TtnAB), one type II thioesterase (TtnH), eight proteins for dialkylmaleic anhydride biosynthesis (TtnKLMNOPRS), four tailoring enzymes (TtnCDFI), two regulatory proteins (TtnGQ), and one resistance protein (TtnJ). A model for TTN biosynthesis is proposed on the basis of functional assignments from sequence analysis, which agrees well with previous feeding experiments, has been supported by in vivo gene inactivation experiments, and is supported by analogy to the recently reported ttm cluster. These findings set the stage to fully investigate TTN biosynthesis and to biosynthetically engineer new TTN analogues.
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