Target entitativity: Implications for information processing about individual and group targets
Target entitativity: Implications for information processing about individual and group targets
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DOI：
10.1037/0022-3514.72.4.750
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发表时间：
1997-04-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Hamilton, DL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McConnell, AR;Sherman, SJ;Hamilton, DL
据推测，实体性的感知（即，将社会目标视为具有统一性和连贯性）对于如何组织关于个人和群体目标的信息以及如何形成对个人和群体目标的印象具有重要意义。当知觉者期望实体性时，他们应该对目标形成一个完整的印象，从而产生在线判断。然而，当知觉者期望很少的实体性，他们不应该处理目标相关的信息在一个整合的方式，导致基于记忆的判断。虽然许多因素影响实体性的看法，目前的研究集中在相似性和行为一致性的期望。据预测，在一般情况下，知觉期望更大的实体性比群体目标的个人。然而，当明确提供类似的实体性预期，信息处理将是类似的个人和群体的目标。两个实验支持这些预测，使用回忆，记忆判断的相关性，和虚幻的相关措施。
It is hypothesized that perceptions of entitativity (i.e., seeing social targets as possessing unity and coherence) have important implications for how one organizes information about, and forms impressions of, individual and group targets. When perceivers expect entitativity, they should form an integrated impression of the target, resulting in on-line judgments. However, when perceivers expect little entitativity, they should not process target-relevant information in an integrative fashion, resulting in memory-based judgments. Although many factors affect perceptions of entitativity, the current study focused on expectations of similarity and behavioral consistency. It was predicted that in general, perceivers expect greater entitativity for individual than group targets. However, when explicitly provided with similar expectancies of entitativity, information processing would be similar for both individual and group targets. Two experiments supported these predictions, using recall, memory-judgment correlation, and illusory correlation measures.