Estimating total body heat dissipation in air and water from skin surface heat flux telemetry in Weddell seals
Estimating total body heat dissipation in air and water from skin surface heat flux telemetry in Weddell seals
复制标题
通过威德尔海豹皮肤表面热通量遥测估算空气和水中的全身散热
作者：
A. Hindle;M. Horning;J. Mellish
准确估计空气和水的温度调节成本是必要的，以预测栖息地的变化对个体和种群的冰专性海豹的影响。调查，将提供这种估计的体温调节生理的自然活动，在自由放养的海洋哺乳动物一直有限。本研究描述了一种生物遥测法测量皮肤表面热通量在自由放养威德尔海豹。这些数据，然后应用到估计的体温调节热耗散从多点measurements.ResultsData记录器收集皮肤表面的热通量遥测在四个身体位置（头，颈，腋窝和侧翼）从40个自由放养的威德尔海豹部署和恢复期间的1-13天，在埃里伯斯湾，南极洲。我们从这些点的测量结果推导出估计全身散热的方程，并证明了随后的计算从强制性体温调节成本耗散的热量。通过皮肤表面红外热模式提供的全身表面热通量传感器数据外推，描述了空气或水中的热量损失。在取出过程中直接损失到冰面的热量最好用海豹的物理特征来描述，而不是环境变量。从四个传感器的热通量输入可以减少到两个主成分，相应的回归表明，腋窝和侧翼传感器是最相关的全身散热在空气和水中。头部传感器热通量的变化是最少描述的两个主components.ConclusionsThis方法可用于估计全身散热在日常活动中的海洋哺乳动物，在稳态条件下，它可以用来确定强制性的温度调节热成本。最终，这种类型的数据将提供相关的经验信息，参数化模型的温度调节能量在冰专性密封，这可能会提高我们的能力，预测结果的变化冰条件在高纬度地区。
BackgroundAccurate estimates of thermoregulatory costs in air and water are necessary to predict the impacts of changing habitats to individuals and populations of ice-obligate seals. Investigations that would provide such estimates of thermoregulatory physiology over natural activities in free-ranging marine mammals have been limited. This study describes a biotelemetry method for measuring skin surface heat flux in free-ranging Weddell seals. These data are then applied to estimations of thermoregulatory heat dissipation from multiple point measurements.ResultsData loggers collecting skin surface heat flux telemetry at four body locations (head, neck, axilla and flank) from 40 free-ranging Weddell seals were deployed and recovered over periods of 1–13 days in Erebus Bay, Antarctica. We derive equations for estimating total body heat dissipation from these point measurements and demonstrate the subsequent calculation of heat dissipated from obligate thermoregulatory costs. Heat lost to air or water was described by heat flux sensor data extrapolated across the whole-body surface, as informed by skin surface infrared thermal patterns. Heat lost directly to the ice surface during haul-out was best described by physical features of the seal, rather than environmental variables. Heat flux inputs from the four sensors could be reduced to two principal components, and corresponding regressions indicated that the axilla and flank sensors were most correlated with total body heat dissipation in air and water. Variability in head sensor heat flux was least described by the two principal components.ConclusionsThis method can be used to estimate total body heat dissipation during daily activities in marine mammals, and under steady-state conditions, it can be used to identify obligate thermoregulatory heat costs. Ultimately this type of data will provide relevant empirical information for parameterizing models of thermoregulatory energetics in ice-obligate seals, which may improve our ability to predict outcomes of altered ice conditions at high latitudes.
通过记录鸬鹚的食道和胃温度来揭示猎物的摄入情况。
DOI：
10.1242/jeb.200.1.149
发表时间：
1997
期刊：
The Journal of experimental biology
影响因子：
--
作者：
Ancel,A;Horning,M;Kooyman,GL
通讯作者：
Kooyman,GL