Seasonal and biological variation of urinary epinephrine, norepinephrine, and cortisol in healthy women
Seasonal and biological variation of urinary epinephrine, norepinephrine, and cortisol in healthy women
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DOI：
10.1016/s0009-8981(01)00493-4
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发表时间：
2001-07-05
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Christensen, JM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hansen, ÅM;Garde, AH;Christensen, JM
研究背景：内分泌功能具有明显的昼夜和季节周期性。本研究描述了一天内和季节性波动的尿儿茶酚胺和皮质醇，并估计内（CVi）和受试者之间（CVg）的变异系数进行日常工作的健康女性。此外，还推导了个体性指数（I-i）和功效计算。方法：选择11名正常工作生活的健康女性。每名受试者在一年中的24小时15天内收集了6个样本，总共收集了990个样本。使用随机效应方差分析，我们估计了CVg和总受试者内变异（CVti），即从数学转换数据中合并的受试者内变异和分析变异。从CVti中减去分析变异，得到CVi。根据1年内每月收集的样本（CViy）、1个月内每周收集的样本（CVim）和6至8次/天（CVid）估计CVi。结果：肾上腺素、去甲肾上腺素和皮质醇的排泄（用肌酐标准化）表现出季节性变化。6月和7月的尿肾上腺素浓度高于其他年份，而12月和1月的尿皮质醇浓度高于其他年份。与一年中其他时间相比，六月和七月工作时间内去甲肾上腺素的排泄量较低，下班时间较高。受试者内和受试者间的差异很高，这不能用月经周期、行为、情绪或认知应激反应来解释。结论：尽管生物变异性高，但合理的低样本量（例如10-50个个体）足以满足实际应用性，即研究150%以上的差异。本研究建议在数据的统计评估中包括采样时间，并注意季节性日变化的变化。当要评估单个测量值时，建议使用参考区间。(C)2001 Elsevier Science B，V.保留所有权利。
Background: There is a significant circadian and seasonal periodicity in various endocrine functions. The present study describes the within-day and seasonal fluctuation for urinary catecholamines and cortisol and estimates the within-(CVi) and between-subject (CVg) coefficients of variation for healthy women undertaking their routine work. In addition, index of individuality (I-i) and power calculations were derived. Methods: Eleven healthy females undertaking their routine life-style at work participated in the study. Each subject collected six samples during 24 h 15 days over a year, giving a total number of 990 samples. Using a random effect analysis of variance, we estimated CVg and total within-subject variation (CVti), i.e. combined within-subject and analytical variation, from logarithmically transformed data. Analytical variation was subtracted from CVti to give CVi. CVi was estimated from samples collected monthly during 1 year(CViy), weekly during 1 month (CVim), and six to eight times/day (CVid), Results: A seasonal variation was demonstrated for excretion of epinephrine, norepinephrine, and cortisol standardized with creatinine. Concentrations of urinary epinephrine were higher during June and July compared to the rest of the year, whereas concentrations of urinary cortisol were higher during December and January compared to the rest of the year. Excretion of norepinephrine was lower during working hours and higher during hours off work for June and July compared to the rest of the year. There was a high within- and between-subject variation, which could not be explained by menstrual cycle, behavioral, emotional, or cognitive stress reactions. Conclusions: Despite high biological variation a reasonably low sample size, e.g. 10-50 individuals, is adequate for practical applicability, i.e. studying differences above 150%. The present study recommends to include the sampling time in the statistical evaluation of data and to be aware of the changes in diurnal variations over seasons. When single measurements are to be evaluated, reference intervals are recommended. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B,V. All rights reserved.