Industrial energy, materials and products: UK decarbonisation challenges and opportunities
Industrial energy, materials and products: UK decarbonisation challenges and opportunities
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DOI：
10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2018.03.049
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发表时间：
2018-05-25
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Pidgeon, Nick
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Barrett, John;Cooper, Tim;Pidgeon, Nick
英国已经将自己置于一条向低碳经济和社会转型的道路上，通过实施具有法律约束力的目标，旨在到2050年将其“温室气体”（GHG）排放量在1990年基础上减少80%。减少工业能源需求可以为实现这一脱碳目标做出重大贡献，同时提高生产率并创造就业机会。到2050年，化石燃料和加工过程中的温室气体排放都需要大幅减少。最终，所有工业能源的使用和排放都源于对商品和服务的需求。从原材料提取到最终分销和最终处理，产品生产的每个阶段都需要能源。由于全球化的发展，英国供应链上所需的能源和相关的温室气体排放来自许多不同的国家。因此，已经探索了一系列分析脱碳的社会技术方法。效率的提高可以在工业中实现，包括与热的使用和加工的改进有关的效率。制造产品所需材料的改变（通过材料替代、轻量化和“循环经济”干预）也可以减少排放。同样，改变最终消费者（工业、家庭或政府）使用产品的方式，包括产品寿命延长和从商品转向服务，可以进一步减少能源需求。因此，报告了工业脱碳跨学科研究的结果。这导致了对相关挑战、见解和机遇的识别，部分源于英国能源密集型产业2050年脱碳“技术路线图”的发展。这些决定为实业家、政策制定者和其他利益相关者提供了宝贵的证据基础。这些经验教训适用于更广泛的工业化国家。
The United Kingdom (UK) has placed itself on a transition pathway towards a low carbon economy and society, through the imposition of a legally-binding target aimed at reducing its 'greenhouse gas' (GHG) emissions by 80% by 2050 against a 1990 baseline. Reducing industrial energy demand could make a substantial contribution towards this decarbonisation goal, while simultaneously improving productivity and creating employment opportunities. Both fossil fuel and process GHG emissions will need to be significantly reduced by 2050. Ultimately, all industrial energy use and emissions result from the demand for goods and services. Energy is required at each stage in the manufacture of a product from raw material extraction through to the final distribution and eventual disposal. The required energy and associated GHG emissions along UK supply chains emanate from many different countries, due to the growth of globalisation. A range of socio-technical methods for analysing decarbonisation have therefore been explored. Efficiency gains can be made in industry, including those associated with the use of heat and with improvements in processing. Changes in the materials needed to manufacture products (via material substitution, light-weighting and 'circular economy' interventions) can also lead to emissions reductions. Likewise, altering the way the final consumer (industry, households or government) use products, including through product longevity and shifts from goods to services, can further reduce energy demand. The findings of an interdisciplinary study of industrial decarbonisation is therefore reported. This gave rise to the identification of the associated challenges, insights and opportunities, in part stemming from the development of a novel set of 2050 decarbonisation 'technology roadmaps' for energy-intensive industries in the UK. These determinations provide a valuable evidence base for industrialists, policy makers, and other stakeholders. The lessons learned are applicable across much of the wider industrialised world.