Effect of transportation on fecal bacterial communities and fermentative activities in horses: Impact of Saccharomyces cerevisiae CNCM I-1077 supplementation
Effect of transportation on fecal bacterial communities and fermentative activities in horses: Impact of Saccharomyces cerevisiae CNCM I-1077 supplementation
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DOI：
10.2527/jas.2012-5720
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发表时间：
2013-04-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Julliand, V.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Faubladier, C.;Chaucheyras-Durand, F.;Julliand, V.
本研究评估了运输对马粪便细菌群落和活动的影响，有或没有补充活酵母，并试图将这些影响与血液应激标志物的变化联系起来。将4匹成年马分配至交叉设计，饲喂基础饲料（60：40饲料与精料; 1.45%BW，基于DM），添加或不添加2 x 10（10）cfu/d的酿酒酵母CNCM I-1077。经过14天的适应饮食治疗，5天的实验开始前1天运输（d-1）。在d 0，同时将马用卡车运输2 h。在第-1天、第0天（运输后立即）和第3天浓缩物早餐后4小时对粪便进行采样，以计数主要功能细菌群并确定发酵变量。在每个饮食处理中，在DNA提取和细菌群落的分子分析之前，使用时间温度梯度电泳（TTGE）将粪便合并。同时采集血样，测定白色血细胞（WBC）计数、葡萄糖和总蛋白浓度。无论饮食处理如何，运输期间中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞的比率增加（P < 0.01），表明马受到了应激。在这两种治疗中，TTGE配置文件有明显的不同之前和运输后3天，并在d-1和3的配置文件之间的相似性的百分比是更大的补充马与对照组相比。从第0天到第3天，丙酸的摩尔百分比增加，VFA的总浓度和乙酸+丁酸与丙酸的比值下降，无论饮食治疗（P < 0.01，P = 0.02，和P < 0.01，分别），而pH值下降，只有在对照组马（P = 0.03）。无论采样日期如何，补充马的乳酸盐利用细菌和纤维素分解细菌的粪便浓度均高于对照马（分别为P = 0.04和0.08）。我们的研究结果表明，运输2小时扰乱了马的粪便细菌生态系统，这可能会增加在马大肠中长期引发微生物生态失调的风险。补充酿酒酵母CNCM I-1077可以帮助减少运输对粪便细菌生态系统的负面影响。
This study evaluated the effect of transportation on fecal bacterial communities and activities in horses with or without supplementation of live yeast and attempted to link those effects with changes in blood stress markers. Four mature horses were assigned to a crossover design and fed a basal diet (60:40 forage to concentrate; 1.45% BW on a DM basis), with or without supplementation, of 2 x 10(10) cfu/d of Saccharomyces cerevisiae CNCM I-1077. After a 14-d adaptation to dietary treatments, the 5-d experiment started 1 d before transportation (d -1). At d 0, horses were simultaneously transported in a truck for 2 h. Feces were sampled 4 h after the morning meal of concentrate at d -1, 0 (immediately after transportation), and 3 for enumeration of the main functional bacterial groups and determination of fermentative variables. Within each dietary treatment, feces were pooled before DNA extraction and molecular analysis of the bacterial communities, using temporal temperature gradient electrophoreses (TTGE). Blood samples were collected at the same time for determination of white blood cells (WBC) counts and glucose and total protein concentrations. Regardless of dietary treatment, the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio increased during transportation (P < 0.01), indicating that horses were stressed. In both treatments, TTGE profiles were clearly different before and 3 d after transportation, and the percentage of similarity between profiles at d -1 and 3 was greater in supplemented horses compared with the controls. From d 0 to 3, the molar percentage of propionate increased and total concentration of VFA and the acetate + butyrate to propionate ratio decreased, regardless of dietary treatment (P < 0.01, P = 0.02, and P < 0.01, respectively), whereas pH decreased only in control horses (P = 0.03). Regardless of day of sampling, fecal concentrations of lactate-utilizing bacteria and cellulolytic bacteria were greater in supplemented horses than in control horses (P = 0.04 and 0.08, respectively). Our results indicate that transportation for 2 h disturbed the fecal bacterial ecosystem in horses that could increase the risk of triggering microbial dysbiosis on a longer term in the equine large intestine. Supplementing Saccharomyces cerevisiae CNCM I-1077 could help reduce the negative impact of transportation on the fecal bacterial ecosystem.