Can salient stimuli really be suppressed?
Can salient stimuli really be suppressed?
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DOI：
10.3758/s13414-020-02207-8
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发表时间：
2020-11-25
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Egeth, Howard E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chang, Seah;Egeth, Howard E.
虽然人们通常认为，一个身体上显著的刺激自动捕获注意力，即使它是无关的当前任务，信号抑制假说提出，观察者可以主动抑制一个显着的，但无关的干扰。然而，仍然不知道是否单独抑制（即，没有目标增强）足够有效地覆盖在否则均匀的背景中由显著单体引起的注意捕获。目前的研究探讨了这一问题。在搜索试验（70%的试验）中，参与者在包含或不包含无关颜色单例的试验中搜索形状目标。学习抑制的颜色的单件的影响进行了检查交错探头试验（30%的试验）。在这些试验中，参与者搜索一个探测目标字母;这些字母呈现在四个椭圆形上（一个彩色椭圆形和三个灰色椭圆形）。每个彩色椭圆都是一个单例，它是三种类型之一：搜索试验中干扰物的颜色，搜索试验中目标的颜色，或者搜索试验中没有出现的中性颜色。反应更快的探测目标上的中性色或目标颜色的项目比灰色的项目，然而，反应慢的探测目标上的干扰物颜色的项目比灰色的项目。结果表明，一个强大的抑制机制压倒注意捕获的单件项目。
Although it is often assumed that a physically salient stimulus automatically captures attention even when it is irrelevant to a current task, the signal-suppression hypothesis proposes that observers can actively suppress a salient-but-irrelevant distractor. However, it is still unknown whether suppression alone (i.e., without target enhancement) is potent enough to override attentional capture by a salient singleton in an otherwise-homogeneous background. The current study addressed this issue. On search trials (70% of trials), participants searched for a shape target on trials that either did or did not contain an irrelevant color singleton. The effects of learning to suppress the color of the singleton were examined on interleaved probe trials (30% of trials). On these trials, participants searched for a probe target letter; those letters were presented on four ovals (one colored oval and three gray ovals). Each colored oval was a singleton that was one of three types: the color of the distractor on search trials, the color of the target on search trials, or a neutral color that had not appeared on search trials. Responses were faster for the probe target on a neutral-colored or target-colored item than on a gray-colored item; however, responses were slower for the probe target on a distractor-colored item than on a gray-colored item. The results demonstrate a powerful suppression mechanism overriding attentional capture by a singleton item.