Generalizing the core design principles for the efficacy of groups
Generalizing the core design principles for the efficacy of groups
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jebo.2012.12.010
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发表时间：
2013-06-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Cox, Michael E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wilson, David Sloan;Ostrom, Elinor;Cox, Michael E.
本文概括了一套核心设计原则的功效组，最初是来自团体试图管理公共池资源（CPRs），如灌溉系统，森林和渔业。直到最近，占主导地位的思维方式是，公地的情况总是导致过度使用的悲剧，需要私有化（如果可能的话）或自上而下的监管。奥斯特罗姆根据世界范围的危机预防和复原小组数据库，提出了一套原则，这些原则大致涵盖了成功的体制安排的基本方面，与那些努力失败的小组形成了对比。这些原则可以概括为两个方面：第一，通过展示它们如何遵循基本的进化原则;第二，通过展示它们如何适用于更广泛的群体。核心设计原则的通用性使它们能够作为提高多种群体功效的实用指南。(C)2013爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
This article generalizes a set of core design principles for the efficacy of groups that was originally derived for groups attempting to manage common-pool resources (CPRs) such as irrigation systems, forests, and fisheries. The dominant way of thinking until recently was that commons situations invariably result in the tragedy of overuse, requiring either privatization (when possible) or top-down regulation. Based on a worldwide database of CPR groups, Ostrom proposed a set of principles that broadly captured the essential aspects of the institutional arrangements that succeeded, as contrasted to groups whose efforts failed. These principles can be generalized in two respects: first, by showing how they follow from foundational evolutionary principles; and second, by showing how they apply to a wider range of groups. The generality of the core design principles enables them to be used as a practical guide for improving the efficacy of many kinds of groups. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.