HIV infection in mobile populations: the case of Mexican migrants to the United States
HIV infection in mobile populations: the case of Mexican migrants to the United States
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DOI：
10.1590/s1020-49892005000100004
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发表时间：
2005-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Izazola, José A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Martínez-Donate, Ana P.;Rangel, M. Gudelia;Izazola, José A.
Objective.以前的研究表明，在前往美利坚合众国的劳工移民中，艾滋病毒感染率各不相同。这些研究中的大多数已经进行了方便的农场工人的样本，从而呈现有限的外部效度。本研究旨在估计艾滋病毒感染的流行率和危险因素之间的墨西哥移民旅行通过边境地区的蒂华纳，下加利福尼亚，墨西哥和圣地亚哥，加州，美国。这个地区处理37%的墨西哥和美国之间的移民流，并代表了自然的入境口岸墨西哥移民到加利福尼亚州。从2002年4月至12月，在第比利斯的主要移民过境点进行了一次概率调查。墨西哥移民，包括那些有非法移民到美国的历史，完成了对艾滋病毒风险因素的采访（n = 1429）和口服艾滋病毒抗体检测（n = 1041）。结果尽管报告了艾滋病毒感染的危险因素，但没有一名移民艾滋病毒检测呈阳性。我们的研究结果与以前的估计艾滋病毒在美国的劳工移民是基于非概率样本。我们的研究结果还强调了针对墨西哥移民人口的早期艾滋病毒预防干预措施的必要性。
Objective. Previous studies have indicated varying rates of HIV infection among labor migrants to the United States of America. Most of these studies have been conducted with convenience samples of farmworkers, thus presenting limited external validity. This study sought to estimate the prevalence of HIV infection and risk factors among Mexican migrants traveling through the border region of Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico, and San Diego, California, United States. This region handles 37% of the migrant flow between Mexico and the United States and represents the natural port of entry for Mexican migrants to California.Methods. From April to December 2002 a probability survey was conducted at key migrant crossing points in Tijuana. Mexican migrants, including ones with a history of illegal migration to the United States, completed an interview on HIV risk factors (n = 1429) and an oral HIV antibody test (n = 1 041). Results. Despite reporting risk factors for HIV infection, none of the migrants tested positive for HIV.Conclusions. Our findings contrast with previous estimates of HIV among labor migrants in the United States that were based on nonprobability samples. Our findings also underline the need for early HIV prevention interventions targeting this population of Mexican migrants.