Respiration Modulates Olfactory Memory Consolidation in Humans
Respiration Modulates Olfactory Memory Consolidation in Humans
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DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.3360-17.2018
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发表时间：
2018-11-28
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Lundstrom, Johan N.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Arshamian, Artin;Iravani, Behzad;Lundstrom, Johan N.
在哺乳动物中，呼吸锁定的海马体节律与感觉和记忆网络之间的信息传输和脚手架有关。这些摆动是由鼻呼吸和嗅球驱动的。然后它们传播到梨状皮质，在那里它们进一步向下游传播到海马体，并调节对记忆形成至关重要的神经过程。在人类中，通过口呼吸绕过鼻气流会取消这些节律，并影响编码和识别过程，从而降低记忆能力。有人假设，当记忆被重新激活和加强时，在编码和识别之间的巩固过程中也应该观察到类似的行为。然而，在人类和非人类动物中，缺乏这种效应的直接证据。在这里，我们通过检查呼吸对巩固情景气味记忆的影响来检验这一假说。在两个不同的过程中，女性和男性参与者对气味进行编码，然后是1小时清醒的休息巩固阶段，在这个阶段，他们要么只用鼻子呼吸，要么用嘴呼吸。在巩固阶段结束后，立即测试了对气味的记忆。与巩固时的口呼吸相比，鼻呼吸时的再认记忆显著增强。这些结果提供了呼吸直接影响发作事件巩固的第一个证据，并进一步支持了核心认知功能受呼吸周期调节的观点。
In mammals respiratory-locked hippocampal rhythms are implicated in the scaffolding and transfer of information between sensory and memory networks. These oscillations are entrained by nasal respiration and driven by the olfactory bulb. They then travel to the piriform cortex where they propagate further downstream to the hippocampus and modulate neural processes critical for memory formation. In humans, bypassing nasal airflow through mouth-breathing abolishes these rhythms and impacts encoding as well as recognition processes thereby reducing memory performance. It has been hypothesized that similar behavior should be observed for the consolidation process, the stage between encoding and recognition, were memory is reactivated and strengthened. However, direct evidence for such an effect is lacking in human and nonhuman animals. Here we tested this hypothesis by examining the effect of respiration on consolidation of episodic odor memory. In two separate sessions, female and male participants encoded odors followed by a 1 h awake resting consolidation phase where they either breathed solely through their nose or mouth. Immediately after the consolidation phase, memory for odors was tested. Recognition memory significantly increased during nasal respiration compared with mouth respiration during consolidation. These results provide the first evidence that respiration directly impacts consolidation of episodic events, and lends further support to the notion that core cognitive functions are modulated by the respiratory cycle.