A canine distemper virus epidemic in Serengeti lions (Panthera leo)
A canine distemper virus epidemic in Serengeti lions (Panthera leo)
复制标题
DOI：
10.1038/379441a0
复制
发表时间：
1996-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Appel, MJG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
RoelkeParker, ME;Munson, L;Appel, MJG
犬瘟热病毒（CDV）被认为在东非塞伦盖蒂-马拉生态系统的犬科动物中引起了几次致命的流行病，1978年影响了银背豺（Canis mesomelas）和蝙蝠狐（Otocyon megalotis）（参考文献1），1991年影响了非洲野狗（Lycaon pictus）（参考文献2，3）。在这些流行病中，受到密切监测的大规模塞伦盖蒂狮子种群（4，5）没有受到影响。然而，1994年初，一种与CDV密切相关的麻疹病毒引起的流行病突然在坦桑尼亚塞伦盖蒂国家群的狮子群中出现，导致致命的神经系统疾病，其特征是癫痫大发作和肌阵挛;死亡的狮子患有脑炎和肺炎。在这里，我们报告的鉴定CDV从这些狮子，和密切的系统发育关系之间的CDV分离物从狮子和家犬。到1994年8月，85%的塞伦盖蒂狮群有抗CDV抗体，疫情向北蔓延到肯尼亚马赛马拉国家保护区的狮子，数不清的鬣狗、蝙蝠耳狐狸和豹子也受到影响。
CANINE distemper virus (CDV) is thought to have caused several fatal epidemics in canids within the Serengeti-Mara ecosystem of East Africa, affecting silver-backedjackals (Canis mesomelas) and bat-cared foxes (Otocyon megalotis) in 1978 (ref. 1), and African wild dogs (Lycaon pictus) in 1991 (refs 2, 3). The large, closely monitored Serengeti lion population(4,5) was not affected in these epidemics. However, an epidemic caused by a morbillivirus closely related to CDV emerged abruptly in the lion population of the Serengeti National Pack, Tanzania, in early 1994, resulting in fatal neurological disease characterized by grand mal seizures and myoclonus; the lions that died had encephalitis and pneumonia. Here we report the identification of CDV from these lions, and the close phylogenetic relationship between CDV isolates from lions and domestic dogs. By August 1994, 85% of the Serengeti lion population had anti-CDV antibodies, and the epidemic spread north to lions in the Maasai Mara National reserve, Kenya, and uncounted hyaenas, bat-eared foxes, and leopards were also affected.