Biological applications of gold nanorods.
Biological applications of gold nanorods.
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DOI：
10.1002/wnan.120
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. Stone;Stephen R. Jackson;David Wright
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Stone;Stephen R. Jackson;David Wright
几个世纪以来，金纳米粒子一直被用作美容目的的添加剂。然而，直到最近十年，科学家们才开始理解解释纳米级粒子所具有的迷人光学特性的基本概念。金纳米粒子可以被调节以吸收和散射电磁波谱的可见光到近红外区域的光。这些特性是电子沿着金属表面集体振荡的结果，并且可以通过改变颗粒的形状、大小或环境来改变。具有棒状形态的金纳米粒子由于其各向异性形状而特别令人感兴趣。金纳米棒的吸收曲线包括两个吸收带：一个是由于沿短轴（横向）吸收的光，另一个是由于沿长轴（纵向）吸收的光。随着杆长度的增加，纵向带红移以及消光系数的增加。由于这种光学控制和对局部环境变化的敏感性，金纳米棒是用于传感、光热治疗和成像的有用材料。本文重点介绍了金纳米棒作为可行生物工具平台的既定和新兴应用。
Gold nanoparticles have been used as an additive for aesthetic purposes for centuries. However, only in the last decade scientists have begun to understand the fundamental concepts that explain the fascinating optical properties nanoscale particles possess. Gold nanoparticles may be tuned to absorb and scatter light in the visible to near-infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum. These properties result from the collective oscillations of electrons along the metal surface and can be altered by changing the particles' shape, size, or environment. Gold nanoparticles having a rod-like morphology are of particular interest because of their anisotropic shape. The absorption profile of gold nanorods includes two absorption bands: one due to light absorbed along the short axis (transverse) and the other due to absorption along the long axis (longitudinal). As the rod length increases, so does the longitudinal band red shift together with an increase in the extinction coefficient. As a result of this optical control and sensitivity to changes in local environment, gold nanorods are useful materials for sensing, photothermal therapy, and imaging. This article highlights established and emerging applications of gold nanorods as a platform for viable biological tools.