Contributions of Acculturation, Enculturation, Discrimination, and Personality Traits to Social Anxiety Among Chinese Immigrants: A Context-Specific Assessment
Contributions of Acculturation, Enculturation, Discrimination, and Personality Traits to Social Anxiety Among Chinese Immigrants: A Context-Specific Assessment
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DOI：
10.1037/cdp0000030
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发表时间：
2016-01-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Pieterse, Alex L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Fang, Ke;Friedlander, Myrna;Pieterse, Alex L.
本研究以焦虑的素质-压力模型为基础，考察了文化历程、种族歧视知觉和人格特质对中国移民社交焦虑的影响。在群际焦虑理论的指导下，本研究还采用了特定情境的方法来区分被试在与欧洲裔美国人和在美国的其他中国人交往时的社交焦虑体验。这项定量和事后研究使用了140名第一代中国移民的方便样本。参与者是通过电子邮件从美国不同的大学和社区团体招募的。样本包括55名男性和82名女性（3名未指明），平均年龄为36岁。结果表明，在欧美背景下比在中国的民族背景下，更多的社交焦虑报告。完整的模型几乎占了每种情况下焦虑方差的一半。虽然个性占最大的方差，文化变量和歧视贡献了14%的独特的变异在欧洲美国的背景。值得注意的是，低文化适应，高神经质和低外向性是独特的贡献者与欧洲裔美国人的社会焦虑，而在中国民族的背景下，只有低外向性是一个独特的贡献者;更多的歧视是独特的显着在这两种情况下。研究结果表明，有必要将社交焦虑的研究和临床评估置于情境中，并对移民的文化敏感咨询产生影响。
Based on the diathesis-stress model of anxiety, this study examined the contributions of cultural processes, perceived racial discrimination, and personality traits to social anxiety among Chinese immigrants. Further guided by the theory of intergroup anxiety, this study also adopted a context-specific approach to distinguish between participants' experience of social anxiety when interacting with European Americans versus with other Chinese in the United States. This quantitative and ex post facto study used a convenience sample of 140 first-generation Chinese immigrants. Participants were recruited through e-mails from different university and community groups across the United States. The sample includes 55 men and 82 women (3 did not specify) with an average age of 36 years old. Results showed that more social anxiety was reported in the European American context than in the Chinese ethnic context. The full models accounted for almost half the variance in anxiety in each context. Although personality accounted for the most variance, the cultural variables and discrimination contributed 14% of the unique variance in the European American context. Notably, low acculturation, high neuroticism, and low extraversion were unique contributors to social anxiety with European Americans, whereas in the Chinese ethnic context only low extraversion was a unique contributor; more discrimination was uniquely significant in both contexts. The findings suggest a need to contextualize the research and clinical assessment of social anxiety, and have implications for culturally sensitive counseling with immigrants.