Protein Synthesis Initiation in Eukaryotic Cells
Protein Synthesis Initiation in Eukaryotic Cells
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DOI：
10.1101/cshperspect.a033092
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发表时间：
2018-12-01
影响因子：
7.2
通讯作者：
Pavitt, Graham D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Merrick, William C.;Pavitt, Graham D.
本文综述了目前我们对真核细胞中蛋白质合成起始阶段主要途径的理解，并重点介绍了最近的进展。我们描述了主要的扫描或信使RNA (mRNA) m(7)G帽依赖机制，这是一个高度协调和逐步调节的过程，需要至少12种不同的翻译因子与启动转移RNA （tRNA）、核糖体和mRNA的联合作用。我们的综述仅限于涉及哺乳动物或出芽酵母细胞和因子的研究，因为它们代表了两个研究得最好的实验系统，并且只包括对其他生物体的参考，其中已经获得了特殊的见解。我们以一个简短的描述结束，我们认为是真核起始的一些主要的未知数。
This review summarizes our current understanding of the major pathway for the initiation phase of protein synthesis in eukaryotic cells, with a focus on recent advances. We describe the major scanning or messenger RNA (mRNA) m(7)G cap-dependent mechanism, which is a highly coordinated and stepwise regulated process that requires the combined action of at least 12 distinct translation factors with initiator transfer RNA (tRNA), ribosomes, and mRNAs. We limit our review to studies involving either mammalian or budding yeast cells and factors, as these represent the two best-studied experimental systems, and only include a reference to other organisms where particular insight has been gained. We close with a brief description of what we feel are some of the major unknowns in eukaryotic initiation.