Dientamoeba fragilis: the unflagellated human flagellate.
Dientamoeba fragilis: the unflagellated human flagellate.
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脆弱双阿米巴：未鞭毛的人类鞭毛虫。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1999
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Eugene H. Johnson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Windsor Jj;Eugene H. Johnson
脆弱双变形虫是一种世界性分布的致病性原虫。虽然最初被描述为一种变形虫生物，但根据一些电子显微镜和免疫学发现，它已被重新分类为鞭毛虫。除无鞭毛外，D. fragilis非常类似于组织单胞菌属和毛滴虫属。有趣的是，一个耐孢囊阶段尚未得到证明，它是不可能的滋养体可以成功地生存在人类宿主之外。由于其与蛲虫感染的符合率高于预期，因此可能通过该蛲虫的卵进行传播。D.脆壁菌感染可以是急性或慢性的，并且在儿童和成人中都有报道。最常见的临床症状包括腹痛、持续腹泻、食欲不振、体重减轻和肠胃气胀。偶见嗜酸性粒细胞增多、荨麻疹和瘙痒症。证明了D.明确诊断所需的fragilis不能在未染色的粪便材料中获得;因此，永久染色的涂片是必要的。建议对有症状的病例进行治疗，碘喹啉、四环素和甲硝唑已被成功使用。
Dientamoeba fragilis is a pathogenic protozoan parasite with a world-wide distribution. Although originally described as an amoeboid organism, it has been reclassified as a flagellate, on the basis of a number of electron microscopic and immunological findings. Except for its lack of a flagellum, D. fragilis closely resembles Histomonas and Trichomonas. Interestingly, a resistant cyst stage has not been demonstrated and it is unlikely that its trophozoites can survive successfully outside the human host. As a consequence of its higher than anticipated coincidence of infection with Enterobius vermicularis, transmission may occur via ova of this pinworm. D. fragilis infection may be acute or chronic, and has been reported in both children and adults. The most common clinical symptoms include abdominal pain, persistent diarrhoea, loss of appetite, weight loss and flatulence. Occasionally, eosinophilia, urticaria and pruritus have been described. Demonstration of the characteristic nuclear structure of D. fragilis, needed for a definitive diagnosis, cannot be achieved in unstained faecal material; therefore, permanently stained smears are essential. Treatment is recommended in symptomatic cases, and iodoquinol, tetracycline and metronidazole have been used successfully.