Tuberculosis and Indoor Biomass and Kerosene Use in Nepal: A Case-Control Study
Tuberculosis and Indoor Biomass and Kerosene Use in Nepal: A Case-Control Study
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DOI：
10.1289/ehp.0901032
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发表时间：
2010-04-01
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Smith, Kirk R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Pokhrel, Amod K.;Bates, Michael N.;Smith, Kirk R.
背景：在尼泊尔，结核病（TB）是一个主要问题。在世界范围内，六个以前的流行病学研究调查是否与室内烹饪生物质燃料，如木材或农业废物与TB不一致的results. Adjectives：使用潜在的混杂因素的详细信息，我们调查了结核病和使用生物质和煤油fuels.METHODS之间的关联：在博卡拉，尼泊尔进行了一项以医院为基础的病例对照研究。病例（n = 125）为女性，20-65岁，确诊为结核病。配对对照组（n = 250）为无TB的女性患者。通过标准化问卷收集详细的暴露史。与使用清洁燃烧的燃料炉相比，（液化石油气、沼气），使用生物质燃料炉灶的调整优势比（OR）为1.21 [95%可信区间（CI），0.48-3.05]，而使用煤油燃料炉灶的OR为3.36（95% CI，1.01-11.22）。使用生物质燃料取暖的OR为3.45（95%CI，1.44-8.27），使用煤油灯照明的OR为9.43（95%CI，1.45-61.32）。结论：本研究提供的证据表明，使用室内生物质燃料，特别是作为取暖源，与女性结核病相关。它还提供了第一个证据，证明使用煤油炉和灯芯灯与结核病有关。这些关联需要在其他研究中得到证实。如果使用煤油灯是结核病的一个危险因素，这将为促进清洁照明光源，如太阳能灯提供强有力的理由。
BACKGROUND: In Nepal, tuberculosis (TB) is a major problem. Worldwide, six previous epidemiologic studies have investigated whether indoor cooking with biomass fuel such as wood or agricultural wastes is associated with TB with inconsistent results.OBJECTIVES: Using detailed information on potential confounders, we investigated the associations between TB and the use of biomass and kerosene fuels.METHODS: A hospital-based case control study was conducted in Pokhara, Nepal. Cases (n = 125) were women, 20-65 years old, with a confirmed diagnosis of TB. Age-matched controls (n = 250) were female patients without TB. Detailed exposure histories were collected with a standardized questionnaire.RESULTS: Compared with using a clean-burning fuel stove (liquefied petroleum gas, biogas), the adjusted odds ratio (OR) for using a biomass-fuel stove was 1.21 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.48-3.05], whereas use of a kerosene-fuel stove had an OR of 3.36 (95% CI, 1.01-11.22). The OR for use of biomass fuel for heating was 3.45 (95% CI, 1.44-8.27) and for use of kerosene lamps for lighting was 9.43 (95% CI, 1.45-61.32).CONCLUSIONS: This study provides evidence that the use of indoor biomass fuel, particularly as a source of heating, is associated with TB in women. It also provides the first evidence that using kerosene stoves and wick lamps is associated with TB. These associations require confirmation in other studies. If using kerosene lamps is a risk factor for TB, it would provide strong justification for promoting clean lighting sources, such as solar lamps.