Quantifying Historic Storm Surge and Risk Reduction Costs: A Case Study for Lafitte, Louisiana

Quantifying Historic Storm Surge and Risk Reduction Costs: A Case Study for Lafitte, Louisiana
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量化历史风暴潮和风险降低成本:路易斯安那州拉菲特的案例研究

DOI:
10.1007/s10584-019-02636-x
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发表时间:
2020
期刊:
影响因子:
4.8
通讯作者:
Siverd, C.G.
Siverd, C.G.
中科院分区:
环境科学与生态学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Siverd, C.G.

文献摘要

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海平面上升增加了美国东海岸和西海岸沿海社区的洪水风险。这项分析的目的是近似洪水防御成本从气旋洪水作为一种部分手段,以评估沿海社区的弹性。风暴潮模型以前通过一个既定的方法来构建代表历史和未来的路易斯安那州沿海景观和相关的洪水模式。此前还通过一系列14场飓风模拟了沿海洪水。路易斯安那州拉菲特周围堤坝的大致高度是根据飓风艾萨克的浪涌和波浪输出计算的,艾萨克是拉菲特地区所有年份的主要飓风(NAVD88,m):1.68(1930)、2.92(1970)、3.30(1990)、4.82(2010)、5.93(2030)、6.57(2050)、7.16(2070)、7.70(2090)和8.22(2110)。还计算了每人的近似费用(2010年美元):49,500美元(1930年)、41,400美元(1970年)、37,500美元(1990年)、181,600美元(2010年)、223,600美元(2030年)、247,800美元(2050年)、269,900美元(2070年)、290,100美元(2090年)和309美元,800(2110)。1973年至2010年间,墨西哥湾(GOM)在路易斯安那州巴拉塔里亚沿海盆地内向内陆迁移了7.4公里。从1973年到2010年,拉菲特的每个人的防洪费用增加了大约19,000美元(2010美元)。本案例研究中开发的方法有效地将湿地损失与防洪成本增加联系起来,并可应用于面临类似挑战的社区。
Rising sea levels have increased flood risk in coastal communities on both the east and west coasts of the USA. The goal of this analysis is to approximate flood defense costs from cyclonic flooding as a partial means to evaluate the resilience of coastal communities. Storm surge models were previously constructed via an established approach to represent historical and future coastal Louisiana landscapes and associated flood patterns. Coastal flooding was also previously simulated via a suite of 14 hurricanes. Approximate levee heights surrounding Lafitte, Louisiana, are calculated from the surge and wave output of Hurricane Isaac, the predominated hurricane in the Lafitte area for all years examined (NAVD88, m): 1.68 (1930), 2.92 (1970), 3.30 (1990), 4.82 (2010), 5.93 (2030), 6.57 (2050), 7.16 (2070), 7.70 (2090), and 8.22 (2110). Approximate costs per person are also calculated (2010 USD): $49,500 (1930), $41,400 (1970), $37,500 (1990), $181,600 (2010), $223,600 (2030), $247,800 (2050), $269,900 (2070), $290,100 (2090), and $309,800 (2110). The Gulf of Mexico (GOM) migrated 7.4 km inland within the Louisiana Barataria coastal basin between 1973 and 2010. For each person in Lafitte, flood defense costs increased approximately (2010 USD) $19,000 per person per kilometer inland migration of the GOM from 1973 to 2010. The methodology developed in this case study effectively connects wetland loss with increased flood defense costs and can be applied to communities with similar challenges.