Ethnic and sex differences in suicide rates relative to major depression in the United States
Ethnic and sex differences in suicide rates relative to major depression in the United States
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DOI：
10.1176/appi.ajp.158.10.1652
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发表时间：
2001-10-01
影响因子：
17.7
通讯作者：
Mann, JJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Oquendo, MA;Ellis, SP;Mann, JJ
目的：美国不同种族群体之间的自杀率存在差异。由于自杀通常与情绪障碍有关，作者比较了美国五个种族群体中自杀率相对于抑郁症发病率的情况。
方法：重度抑郁症发病率来自流行病学责任区研究以及西班牙裔健康与营养流行病学调查。通过检查分居或离婚、收入低或无薪工作的受访者的抑郁症发病率来确定社会人口统计学影响。对调查数据进行年龄和性别标准化分析，以得出重度抑郁症的1年患病率。比较不同种族群体的抑郁症发病率，并结合自杀率进行研究。
结果：重度抑郁症的1年患病率在白人中为3.6%，黑人中为3.5%，墨西哥裔美国人中为2.8%，古巴裔美国人中为2.5%，波多黎各人中为6.9%。与白人的发病率相比，波多黎各人的抑郁症发病率显著较高，墨西哥裔美国人的发病率显著较低。相对于抑郁症发病率，男性的年自杀率高于女性。墨西哥裔美国男性和波多黎各男性的相对自杀率低于白人男性。
结论：确定不同种族群体之间以及男性和女性之间相对于抑郁症的自杀率差异的原因，可能会为降低自杀率提出干预措施。一些可能性是抑郁症在形式或严重程度上存在差异，或者存在未知因素在不同亚组中预防自杀。
Objective: Suicide rates differ between ethnic groups in the United States. Since suicide is commonly associated with a mood disorder, the authors compared suicide rates relative to depression rates in five ethnic groups in the United States.Method: Rates of major depression were generated from the Epidemiologic Catchment Area study and the Hispanic Health and Nutrition Epidemiologic Survey. Sociodemographic effects were determined by examining depression rates for respondents who were separated or divorced, earning low incomes, or not working for pay. The survey data were analyzed with age and sex standardization to generate 1-year prevalence rates of major depression. The depression rates of the different ethnic groups were compared and were examined in relation to suicide rates.Results: The 1-year prevalence rates of major depression were 3.6% for whites, 3.5% for blacks, 2.8% for Mexican Americans, 2.5% for Cuban Americans, and 6.9% for Puerto Ricans. Compared to the rate for whites, the rate of depression was significantly higher in Puerto Ricans and significantly lower in Mexican Americans. Relative to the depression rates, the annual suicide rates were higher for males than for females. Mexican American and Puerto Rican males had lower relative suicide rates than white males.Conclusions: Identifying reasons for differences in suicide rates relative to depression among ethnic groups and between males and females may suggest interventions to reduce suicide rates. Some possibilities are that depression differs in form or severity or that unidentified factors protect against suicide in different subgroups.