Comparative study between life-cycle HBCD and CO 2 emissions for the risk trade-off analysis
Comparative study between life-cycle HBCD and CO 2 emissions for the risk trade-off analysis
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发表时间：
2010
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通讯作者：
Hondo;Yokoyama;Miyake;Kobayashi;Masunaga
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作者：
Hondo;Yokoyama;Miyake;Kobayashi;Masunaga
导言对于可持续化学品管理决策，一种综合方法，其中包括的办法，而不仅仅是单一的风险（例如，化学风险），但对于多风险（例如，气候变化和事故）的重要性日益增加。然而，在这种多风险评估中，目标风险的降低政策往往会导致其他风险的增加或出现，从而导致总体上没有风险降低（风险权衡）。目前，有限的研究工作集中在包括化学风险在内的多种风险。本研究旨在促进制定化学品风险减少政策，同时考虑到产品生命周期内的风险权衡。六溴环十二烷是重要的合成添加剂，用于降低物品的易燃性。然而，尽管六溴环十二烷具有诸多益处，但由于其广泛使用、高度化学稳定性和生物累积潜力，其作为污染物在环境中的存在近来日益受到关注。已在各种环境分区中检测到六溴环十二烷，如房屋灰尘、六溴环十二烷生产厂附近的河流沉积物和城市污水处理厂的污水污泥。此外，由于六溴环十二烷产品的使用寿命更长，使用中的库存量持续增加。在日本，消费品中六溴环十二烷的库存量估计约为16，000吨。风险评估还需要考虑六溴环十二烷废物和库存的管理。在这项研究中，以溴化阻燃剂（即，例如，含有溴化阻燃剂的最终产品（即，六溴环十二烷），并将其与其他环境因素进行了比较，如在其生命周期内的二氧化碳排放量。
Introduction For the sustainable chemical management decision-making, an integrated methodology which includes the approach, not for only single risk (e.g., chemical risk) but for multi risk (e.g., climate change and accident) has been growing importance. In this multi-risk assessment, however, the reduction policy in a target risk often cause the increase or appearance of the other risks, and thus result in no risk reduction in total (risk trade-offs). Currently, limited research work has focused on the multi risks including chemical risk. The present study aims to contribute to developing a risk reduction policy for chemicals, considering risk trade-offs over a product life-cycle. HBCD are important synthetic additives which are used to reduce the flammability of articles. Despite their benefits, however, the occurrence of HBCD in the environment as contaminants have recently an increasing attention because of the widespread use, high chemical stability and bioaccumulation potential. HBCD has been detected in various environmental compartments such as house dust, riverine sediment near the HBCD production plant and sewage sludge from municipal sewage treamtment plant. Also, stock in use increased continuously due to the longer life time of product in HBCD. In Japan, The stock of HBCD in comsumer products was estimated as approximately 16000 tone. The consideration for management of wastes and stockpiles of HBCD would be also required for risk assessments. In this study, taking brominated flame retardants (i.e., HBCD) as an example, Environmental emissions from end-products containing brominated flame retardants (i.e., HBCD), has been estimated under five disposal scenario and compared them with other environmental factor such as CO2 emissions though their life cycle.