Serum response factor is crucial for actin cytoskeletal organization and focal adhesion assembly in embryonic stem cells.

Serum response factor is crucial for actin cytoskeletal organization and focal adhesion assembly in embryonic stem cells.
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DOI:
10.1083/jcb.200106008
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发表时间:
2002-02-18
期刊:
The Journal of cell biology
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Nordheim A
Nordheim A
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Schratt G;Philippar U;Berger J;Schwarz H;Heidenreich O;Nordheim A

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血清反应因子(SRF)是小鼠原肠胚形成过程中的一种重要转录因子,其活性受肌动蛋白动力学变化的调节。使用Srf(−/−)胚胎干(ES)细胞,我们证明了SRF缺陷会导致ES细胞扩散,粘附和迁移受损。这些缺陷与细胞骨架结构的缺陷形成相关,即肌动蛋白应力纤维和粘着斑(FA)斑块。FA蛋白FA激酶(FAK)、β1-整联蛋白、talin、zyxin和黏着斑蛋白在缺乏SRF的ES细胞中下调和/或错误定位,导致FA信号传导激酶FAK的低效激活。Srf(−/−)ES细胞中肌动蛋白表达水平的降低伴随着一个偏移的研磨平衡,导致F-肌动蛋白水平的降低。活性RhoA-V14的表达挽救了F-肌动蛋白的合成,但不促进应力纤维的形成。另一方面,将组成型活性的SRF-VP 16引入Srf(−/−)ES细胞,强烈诱导FA组分的表达和F-肌动蛋白的合成,导致肌动蛋白丝急剧重组为应力纤维和板状伪足。因此,使用ES细胞遗传学,我们第一次证明了SRF的肌动蛋白定向的细胞骨架结构,决定细胞的扩散,粘附和迁移的形成的重要性。我们的研究结果表明,SRF参与细胞迁移过程中的多细胞生物。
The activity of serum response factor (SRF), an essential transcription factor in mouse gastrulation, is regulated by changes in actin dynamics. Using Srf(−/−) embryonic stem (ES) cells, we demonstrate that SRF deficiency causes impairments in ES cell spreading, adhesion, and migration. These defects correlate with defective formation of cytoskeletal structures, namely actin stress fibers and focal adhesion (FA) plaques. The FA proteins FA kinase (FAK), β1-integrin, talin, zyxin, and vinculin were downregulated and/or mislocalized in ES cells lacking SRF, leading to inefficient activation of the FA signaling kinase FAK. Reduced overall actin expression levels in Srf(−/−) ES cells were accompanied by an offset treadmilling equilibrium, resulting in lowered F-actin levels. Expression of active RhoA-V14 rescued F-actin synthesis but not stress fiber formation. Introduction of constitutively active SRF-VP16 into Srf(−/−) ES cells, on the other hand, strongly induced expression of FA components and F-actin synthesis, leading to a dramatic reorganization of actin filaments into stress fibers and lamellipodia. Thus, using ES cell genetics, we demonstrate for the first time the importance of SRF for the formation of actin-directed cytoskeletal structures that determine cell spreading, adhesion, and migration. Our findings suggest an involvement of SRF in cell migratory processes in multicellular organisms.
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