Competing biosecurity and risk rationalities in the Chittagong poultry commodity chain, Bangladesh
Competing biosecurity and risk rationalities in the Chittagong poultry commodity chain, Bangladesh
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DOI：
10.1057/s41292-018-0131-2
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发表时间：
2019-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Barnett, Tony
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hog, Erling;Fournie, Guillaume;Barnett, Tony
本文从人类学的角度探讨了吉大港活禽交易网络中的关键行为者如何看待生产地点、做市商场景和销售点之间与禽流感有关的生物安全和风险。他们关注的是过去和现在，而不是未来，淡化了严格风险管理的必要性，因为疫情已经多年没有频繁报告。通过黑天鹅理论，这被分析为“关于生物安全的风险感知的暂时性”，黑天鹅理论认为，具有重大影响的意外事件往往被不适当地合理化（塔勒布在黑天鹅。The impact of the highly impossible，Random House，纽约，2007）.这包括对风险的社会文化观点，强调风险被理解、生活、体现和经历的背景。他们的风险计算解释的社会同意，实际的可理解性和收敛的约束和动机。对风险的务实和实际取向与禽流感防备范式中的风险计算方式形成对照。有人认为，正如黑天鹅理论所暗示的那样，实地的疾病风险已经成为日常业务的正常化部分。回顾性计算的风险不太可能鼓励对生物安保的投资，因此，指出了不可预测的异常事件的危险。
This paper anthropologically explores how key actors in the Chittagong live bird trading network perceive biosecurity and risk in relation to avian influenza between production sites, market maker scenes and outlets. They pay attention to the past and the present, rather than the future, downplaying the need for strict risk management, as outbreaks have not been reported frequently for a number of years. This is analysed as 'temporalities of risk perception regarding biosecurity', through Black Swan theory, the idea that unexpected events with major effects are often inappropriately rationalized (Taleb in The Black Swan. The impact of the highly improbable, Random House, New York, 2007). This incorporates a sociocultural perspective on risk, emphasizing the contexts in which risk is understood, lived, embodied and experienced. Their risk calculation is explained in terms of social consent, practical intelligibility and convergence of constraints and motivation. The pragmatic and practical orientation towards risk stands in contrast to how risk is calculated in the avian influenza preparedness paradigm. It is argued that disease risk on the ground has become a normalized part of everyday business, as implied in Black Swan theory. Risk which is calculated retrospectively is unlikely to encourage investment in biosecurity and, thereby, points to the danger of unpredictable outlier events.