Super-resolution quantum imaging at the Heisenberg limit
Super-resolution quantum imaging at the Heisenberg limit
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DOI：
10.1364/optica.5.001150
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发表时间：
2017-12
期刊：
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
M. Unternährer;B. Bessire;L. Gasparini;M. Perenzoni;A. Stefanov
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Unternährer;B. Bessire;L. Gasparini;M. Perenzoni;A. Stefanov
量子成像利用光子之间的空间相关性来对物体特征进行成像，其分辨率比相应的经典光源更高。使用量子相关 $N$ 光子态，光学质心测量 (OCM) 方法显示出通过将经典瑞利极限提高 $1/N$ 来提高分辨率。在这项工作中，OCM 理论是在成像形式主义的框架内制定的，并通过传统的纠缠光子对源在示例性实验中实现。演示了预期分辨率提高了两倍。这里提出的实验允许单次操作，无需扫描或迭代即可在图像平面中再现对象。因此，利用新开发的集成时间分辨探测器阵列进行光子探测。讨论了导致观察到的分辨率增强的多光子干涉效应，并提出了更高光子数的可能替代实现可能性。
Quantum imaging exploits the spatial correlations between photons to image object features with a higher resolution than a corresponding classical light source could achieve. Using a quantum correlated $N$-photon state, the method of optical centroid measurement (OCM) was shown to exhibit a resolution enhancement by improving the classical Rayleigh limit by a factor of $1/N$. In this work, the theory of OCM is formulated within the framework of an imaging formalism and is implemented in an exemplary experiment by means of a conventional entangled photon pair source. The expected resolution enhancement of a factor of two is demonstrated. The here presented experiment allows for single-shot operation without scanning or iteration to reproduce the object in the image plane. Thereby, photon detection is performed with a newly developed integrated time-resolving detector array. Multi-photon interference effects responsible for the observed resolution enhancement are discussed and possible alternative implementation possibilities for higher photon number are proposed.