Children's ability to make transitive inferences: The importance of premise integration and structural complexity
Children's ability to make transitive inferences: The importance of premise integration and structural complexity
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DOI：
10.1016/s0885-2014(98)90004-1
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发表时间：
1998-10-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Halford, GS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Andrews, G;Halford, GS
四个实验考察了4 ~ 6岁儿童的传递性推理。在实验1-3中，有一个非映射条件，在这个条件下，人们要么对堆叠的积木进行推理，要么对从左到右排列的棍子进行推理。在映射条件下，推理是通过从块到棒的映射或从棒到块的映射进行的。在实验2-4中，通过要求在单个决策中处理1个或2个前提关系来操纵关系复杂性。映射比非映射更难，但关系复杂性是方差的主要来源，2个关系在映射和非映射条件下都更难。参与者在一个单一的决定中整合2个关系的百分比估计为20%，在4岁，53%，5岁和57%，在6岁，这表明传递性推理能力的逐步发展。结果表明，关系复杂性对4- 6岁儿童的传递性推理有很强的影响。
Four experiments investigated 4- to 6-year-olds' transitive inferences. In Experiments 1-3, there was a nonmapping condition in which inferences were made either about stacked blocks, or about sticks ordered left to right. In the mapping condition, inferences were made by mapping either from blocks to sticks, or the reverse. In Experiments 2-4, relational complexity was manipulated by requiring either 1 or 2 premise relations to be processed in a single decision. Mapping was harder than nonmapping, but relational complexity was the main source of variance, with 2 relations being harder in both mapping and nonmapping conditions. The percentage of participants integrating 2 relations in a single decision was estimated at 20% at age 4, 53% at age 5 and 57% at age 6, suggesting gradual development of transitive inference ability. Results suggest that relational complexity has a strong effect on transitive inference in 4- to 6-year-old children.