Effects of shoreline erosion on salt-marsh floral zonation
Effects of shoreline erosion on salt-marsh floral zonation
复制标题
海岸线侵蚀对盐沼植物区带的影响
DOI：
10.3354/meps10404
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
C. Ferraro
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. M. Moody;J. Cebrian;Sara M. Kerner;K. L. Heck;S. Powers;C. Ferraro
盐沼栖息地的丧失在世界范围内正以惊人的速度进行，导致生态系统功能丧失，与邻近栖息地的交换减少。海岸线侵蚀的直接结果是边缘植被的丧失，但尚不清楚潮间带植物带如何以及在什么时间尺度上对海岸线的丧失做出反应。我们使用基于样带的方法，在3年的时间里，比较了阿拉巴马州沿海3个潮间带盐沼的群落组成，这些盐沼在波浪产生的干扰强度上存在差异。每个研究沼泽都显示出海岸线净退缩的年率，但在暴露于波浪诱导的干扰和侵蚀状态方面有所不同。我们还研究了牡蛎破碎水域对波浪的衰减是否降低了海岸线侵蚀的年率，提供了一种测试海岸线侵蚀强度是否影响沼泽地带年际格局的方法。不同地点的群落组成不同，但防波堤处理和不同地点的海岸线损失率之间没有差异，这表明群落组成的差异不是由于侵蚀强度的差异，而是不同地点之间的其他对比。每个地点植物群落的凝聚性表明，随着海岸线的后退，沼泽通过向内陆迁移来维持其地带性结构。然而，沼泽地带的内陆迁徙最终将受到可用于湿地殖民的区域的缺乏的限制。因此，沿海盐沼的保护取决于有效的海岸线管理战略。
The loss of salt-marsh habitat is proceeding at an alarming rate worldwide, resulting in the loss of ecosystem function and reduced exchange with adjacent habitats. The immediate result of shoreline erosion is the loss of fringing vegetation, but it is unclear how, and at what temporal scale, intertidal floral zones respond to shoreline loss. Using a transect-based approach over a 3 yr period, we compared community composition among 3 intertidal salt marshes in coastal Alabama that differ in the intensity of wave-generated disturbance. Each study marsh exhibited net annual rates of shoreline retreat, but differed in its exposure to wave-induced disturbance and erosional state. We also examined whether wave attenuation by oyster break waters reduced annual rates of shoreline erosion, providing a means to test whether the intensity of shoreline erosion affects inter-annual patterns of marsh zonation. Community composition differed across sites, but not between breakwater treatments and site-specific rates of shoreline loss, suggesting that differences in community composition are not due to differences in erosion intensity, but to other contrasts across sites. The cohesive nature of the floral communities at each site suggests that marshes maintain their zonation structure by migrating inland as the shoreline recedes. The inland migration of marsh zones will, however, ultimately be limited by the lack of area available for marsh colonization. The preservation of coastal salt marshes is, therefore, vitally contingent on effective shoreline management strategies.