DECISIONAL BALANCE MEASURE FOR ASSESSING AND PREDICTING SMOKING STATUS
DECISIONAL BALANCE MEASURE FOR ASSESSING AND PREDICTING SMOKING STATUS
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DOI：
10.1037/0022-3514.48.5.1279
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发表时间：
1985-01-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
BRANDENBURG, N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
VELICER, WF;PROCHASKA, JO;BRANDENBURG, N
激励的决策资产负债表是由Janis和Mann(1977)提出的，它是代表人类决策的认知和动机两个方面的一般模式。在这项研究中，我们构建了一个包含24个项目的简明的纸笔测量来研究戒烟决策过程。确定了两个量表，并将其标记为吸烟的利弊。这些量表成功地区分了代表戒烟过程中变化阶段的五个群体。在6个月的随访中，这两个量表作为吸烟状况的预测指标也是成功的。决策平衡量表似乎是一个强大的结构，在行为改变中具有潜在的广泛应用。决策是改变吸烟等与健康相关的行为的关键过程。研究人员已经确定了导致吸烟的因素，如刺激、缓解紧张、渴望和习惯(Ikard，Green，&Horn，1969；Russell，1979；Tompkins，1966)，以及促使个人戒烟的因素，如健康、榜样、美学和掌握(Green，1977)。然而，还没有开发出足够的量表来衡量戒烟动机(Russell，1977)。自1964年卫生局局长的报告以来，已有3000多万美国人坚持戒烟决定，而5300万人仍在吸烟。这些要点出现在对这些群体的统计数据的分析中。首先，大多数戒烟者(估计有70%到90%)在没有正规治疗方案的情况下戒烟。其次，继续吸烟的人中有很大一部分曾试图戒烟，但失败了
The Decisional Balance Sheet of Incentives has been proposed by Janis and Mann (1977) as a general schema for representing both the cognitive and motivational aspects of human decision making. In this study, a brief 24-item paper and pencil measure was constructed to study the decision-making process in smoking cessation. Two scales were identified and labeled the Pros of Smoking and the Cons of Smoking. These scales were successful in differentiating between five groups representing stages of change in the quitting process. The two scales were also successful when employed as predictors of smoking status at a 6-month follow-up. The Decisional Balance Scale appears to be a powerful construct of potentially wide application in behavior change.Decision making is a critical process in modifying health-related behaviors like cigarette smoking. Investigators have identified factors that contribute to cigarette use such as stimulation, tension reduction, craving, and habit (Ikard, Green, & Horn, 1969; Russell, 1979; Tompkins, 1966) and factors motivating individuals to quit such as health, example, aesthetics, and mastery (Green, 1977). However, adequate scales to measure motivation to stop smoking have not been developed (RUssell, 1977). Since the Surgeon General's Report in 1964, over 30 million Americans have followed through on a decision to quit smoking, while 53 million individuals continue to smoke. These significant points emerge in an analysis of the statistics on these groups. First, the majority of the quitters (estimated at 70 to 90%) stopped smoking without the aid of formalized treatment programs. Second, a large percentage of those who continue to smoke have tried to quit but failed and