SLEEP ORGANIZATION AND ENERGY-EXPENDITURE OF BREAST-FED AND FORMULA-FED INFANTS
SLEEP ORGANIZATION AND ENERGY-EXPENDITURE OF BREAST-FED AND FORMULA-FED INFANTS
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DOI：
10.1203/00006450-199211000-00003
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发表时间：
1992-11-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
FROST, JD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
BUTTE, NF;JENSEN, CL;FROST, JD
婴儿的睡眠组织可能会受到母乳和配方奶粉营养摄入量差异的影响。由于睡眠/清醒和睡眠阶段模式影响能量消耗，我们假设母乳喂养和配方奶粉喂养的婴儿之间睡眠组织的差异可能部分解释了喂养组之间能量消耗的差异。研究了4个月大的母乳喂养（n = 10）配方奶粉喂养（n = 10）的婴儿的睡眠阶段和循环，同时测量能量消耗。脑电图，眼电图，身体运动的三轴加速度计，心率和氧饱和度进行了监测，在一个通宵的睡眠会话。睡眠阶段，非快速眼动（NREM）和快速眼动（REM）进行了测定。通过录像带和技术人员记录行为观察结果。用间接热量计测量氧消耗和二氧化碳产生。睡眠周期的总数和持续时间，REM潜伏期，NREM和REM时期的数量，以及NREM时期的持续时间在喂养组之间没有差异。配方奶喂养组的睡眠潜伏期较短（p < 0.05），REM期持续时间较长（p < 0.01）。配方奶粉喂养的婴儿在REM睡眠时间中所占的百分比高于母乳喂养的婴儿（42%对34%）（p < 0.003）。相反，母乳喂养的婴儿在NREM睡眠中花费的睡眠时间百分比较高，并且他们在睡眠期间的心率较低（114对126 bpm; p <0.01）。REM睡眠期间的能量消耗比NREM睡眠期间高13.0 ± 4.4%（p < 0.001）。尽管如此，REM和NREM睡眠期间的总能量消耗在喂养组之间没有统计学差异，即使夜间睡眠组织受到婴儿喂养模式的影响，并导致睡眠期间观察到的能量消耗的测量变异性。
Sleep organization of infants may be influenced by differences in nutrient intakes from human milk and formula. Because sleep/awake and sleep stage patterns affect energy expenditure, we hypothesized that differences in sleep organization between breast-fed and formula-fed infants might account in part for differences in energy expenditure between feeding groups. Sleep stages and cycling of 4-mo-old breast-fed (n = 10) formula-fed (n = 10) infants were studied with simultaneous measurements of energy expenditure. EEG, electrooculogram, body movement by triaxial accelerometry, heart rate, and oxygen saturation were monitored during an overnight sleep session. Sleep stages, nonrapid eye movement (NREM), and rapid eye movement (REM) were determined. Behavioral observations were recorded by video tape and by a technologist. Oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production were measured with an indirect calorimeter. Total number and duration of sleep cycles, REM latency, number of NREM and REM epochs, and duration of NREM epochs did not differ between feeding groups. Sleep latency was shorter (p < 0.05) and duration of REM epochs longer (p < 0.01) in the formula-fed group. Formula-fed infants spent a higher percentage of sleep time in REM compared with the breast-fed infants (42 versus 34%) (p < 0.003). Conversely, breast-fed infants spent a higher percentage of sleep time in NREM sleep and their heart rates during sleep were lower (114 versus 126 bpm; p < 0.0 1). Energy expenditure during REM sleep was 13.0 +/- 4.4% higher than during NREM sleep (p < 0.001). Nonetheless, total energy expenditure during REM and NREM sleep did not differ statistically between feeding groups, even though nocturnal sleep organization was affected by infant feeding mode and contributed to the measured variability in energy expenditure observed during sleep.