Single-walled carbon nanotubes dispersed in aqueous media via non-covalent functionalization: Effect of dispersant on the stability, cytotoxicity, and epigenetic toxicity of nanotube suspensions
Single-walled carbon nanotubes dispersed in aqueous media via non-covalent functionalization: Effect of dispersant on the stability, cytotoxicity, and epigenetic toxicity of nanotube suspensions
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DOI：
10.1016/j.watres.2009.09.042
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发表时间：
2010-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
12.8
通讯作者：
Tarabara, Volodymyr V.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Alpatova, Alla L.;Shan, Wenqian;Tarabara, Volodymyr V.
随着碳纳米管应用范围的迅速扩大，了解碳纳米管对原核和真核细胞系统的影响已成为一个重要的研究重点，特别是鉴于最近关于碳纳米管在包括天然水在内的各种水体系中容易分散的报道。在本研究中，使用一系列天然(阿拉伯树胶、直链淀粉、苏万尼河天然有机物)和合成(聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、Triton X-100)分散剂(分散剂)通过不同的物理吸附机制以非共价方式附着在碳纳米管表面，悬浮的单壁碳纳米管的电荷和平均有效流体力学直径以及剥离的单壁碳纳米管在分散体中的浓度在4周内保持相对稳定。采用普通活性测定和中性红染色法(NDU)对WB-F344大鼠肝上皮细胞进行活性测定。在分散剂本身无毒的情况下，对3种不同有机载量和含盐量的培养液进行细胞毒性评价，观察到分散剂对大肠杆菌和WB-F344细胞活性的影响。将缝隙连接细胞间通讯(GJIC)生物测定应用于所有SWCNT悬浮液的WB-F344大鼠肝上皮细胞，但用Triton X-100分散的SWCNT悬浮液除外(其中由于样品具有细胞毒性而无法测量GJIC)，未观察到SWCNT对GJIC的抑制作用。这些结果表明SWCNT悬浮液的毒性强烈依赖于分散剂的毒性，并表明无毒分散剂的非共价官能化是制备稳定的生物相容性CNTs水悬浮液的一种方法。(C)2009爱思唯尔有限公司。保留所有权利
As the range of applications for carbon nanotubes (CNTs) rapidly expands, understanding the effect of CNTs on prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell systems has become an important research priority, especially in light of recent reports of the facile dispersion of CNTs in a variety of aqueous systems including natural water In this study, single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) were dispersed in water using a range of natural (gum arabic, amylose, Suwannee River natural organic matter) and synthetic (polyvinyl pyrrolidone, Triton X-100) dispersing agents (dispersants) that attach to the CNT surface non-covalently via different physiosorption mechanisms The charge and the average effective hydrodynamic diameter of suspended SWCNTs as well as the concentration of exfoliated SWCNTs in the dispersion were found to remain relatively stable over a period of 4 weeks. The cytotoxicity of suspended SWCNTs was assessed as a function of dispersant type and exposure time (up to 48 h) using general viability bioassay with Escherichia coli and using neutral red dye uptake (NDU) bioassay with WB-F344 rat liver epithelia cells In the E coli viability bioassays, three types of growth media with different organic loadings and salt contents were evaluated When the dispersant itself was non-toxic, no losses of E coli and WB-F344 viability were observed The cell viability was affected only by SWCNTs dispersed using Triton X-100, which was cytotoxic in SWCNT-free (control) solution The epigenetic toxicity of dispersed CNTs; was evaluated using gap junction intercellular communication (GJIC) bioassay applied to WB-F344 rat liver epithelial cells With all SWCNT suspensions except those where SWCNTs were dispersed using Triton X-100 (wherein GJIC could not be measured because the sample was cytotoxic), no inhibition of GJIC in the presence of SWCNTs was observed These results suggest a strong dependence of the toxicity of SWCNT suspensions on the toxicity of the dispersant and point to the potential of non-covalent functionalization with non-toxic dispersants as a method for the preparation of stable aqueous suspensions of biocompatible CNTs. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved