Identifying Citric Acid Esters, a Class of Phthalate Substitute Plasticizers, in Indoor Dust via an Integrated Target, Suspect, and Characteristic Fragment-Dependent Screening Strategy.
Identifying Citric Acid Esters, a Class of Phthalate Substitute Plasticizers, in Indoor Dust via an Integrated Target, Suspect, and Characteristic Fragment-Dependent Screening Strategy.
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DOI：
10.1021/acs.est.1c04402
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发表时间：
2021-10
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Yayun Zhang;Jianhua Li;Guanyong Su
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Yayun Zhang;Jianhua Li;Guanyong Su
柠檬酸酯（CAE）已被提议作为一类邻苯二甲酸酯替代增塑剂;然而，关于其在室内环境中的存在的信息很少。通过使用液相色谱与四极杆-轨道阱质谱仪耦合，我们开发了一种集成的策略，可以应用于目标，可疑和特征片段依赖的筛选的CAE。在从南京市（中国）收集的n = 50个室内灰尘样品中，三种CAE，即乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯（ATBC;平均值：412，000 ng/g），柠檬酸三丁酯（TBC，11，600 ng/g）和柠檬酸三乙酯（TEC，10，900 ng/g），表现出最高的污染水平。CAEs的总浓度（∑ 8 CAEs）在统计学上显著（p < 0.01）大于常见的有机磷酸三酯（OPTEs），这是一类普遍存在于灰尘中的污染物。对同一批次样品进一步进行了可疑和特征片段依赖性CAE筛选（m/z 111.0078（[C5 H3 O3]+）和m/z 129.0181（[C5 H5 O 4]+））。我们初步鉴定了六种新的CAE，最常见和最丰富的CAE被完全确定为乌头酸三丁酯（TBA）。TBA与ATBC（r = 0.650; p < 0.01）和TBA与TBC（r = 0.384; p < 0.01）之间存在显著相关关系，表明两者在粉尘样品中的来源相似。
Citrate acid esters (CAEs) have been proposed as a class of phthalate substitute plasticizers; however, information on their occurrence in indoor environments is rare. By using liquid chromatography coupled with a quadrupole-Orbitrap mass spectrometer, we developed an integrated strategy that can be applied for target, suspect, and characteristic fragment-dependent screening of CAEs. In n = 50 indoor dust samples collected from Nanjing City (China), three CAEs, namely, acetyl tributyl citrate (ATBC; mean: 412,000 ng/g), tributyl citrate (TBC, 11,600 ng/g), and triethyl citrate (TEC, 10,900 ng/g), exhibited the greatest contamination levels. Total concentrations of CAEs (∑8CAEs) were statistically significantly (p < 0.01) greater than those of common organophosphate triesters (OPTEs), a class of ubiquitous contaminants in dust. Suspect and characteristic fragment-dependent screening (m/z 111.0078 ([C5H3O3]+) and m/z 129.0181 ([C5H5O4]+)) of CAEs were further conducted for the same batch of samples. We tentatively identified six novel CAEs, and the most frequent and abundant CAE was fully identified as tributyl aconitate (TBA). Statistically significant correlation relationships were observed on dust levels between TBA vs ATBC (r = 0.650; p < 0.01) and TBA vs TBC (r = 0.384; p < 0.01), suggesting their similar sources in dust samples.