Traffic-related Air Pollution and the Development of Asthma and Allergies during the First 8 Years of Life
Traffic-related Air Pollution and the Development of Asthma and Allergies during the First 8 Years of Life
复制标题
DOI：
10.1164/rccm.200906-0858oc
复制
发表时间：
2010-03-15
影响因子：
24.7
通讯作者：
Brunekreef, Bert
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gehring, Ulrike;Wijga, Alet H.;Brunekreef, Bert
基本原理空气污染暴露在哮喘、过敏和相关症状发展中的作用尚不清楚，部分原因是解决这一问题的前瞻性队列研究数量有限，随访时间足够长。目的：我们研究了交通相关的空气污染与哮喘、过敏、方法：对3,863名儿童在出生后8年内的哮喘、花粉热和相关症状的年度问卷报告进行分析。在8岁时，对亚群（n = 1，700和936）进行过敏性致敏和支气管高反应性测量。个人暴露于二氧化氮（NO2），颗粒物（PM2.5），烟尘在出生地址估计土地利用回归模型。暴露于交通相关的空气污染和重复测量的健康结果之间的关联进行了评估，通过重复测量logistic回归分析。影响的四分位数范围增加暴露后，调整covariates.Measures和主要结果：年患病率为3%至6%的哮喘和12%至23%的哮喘症状。哮喘的年发病率在1岁时为6%，在以后的年龄为1%至2%。PM2.5水平与哮喘发病率（比值比[OR]，1.28; 95%置信区间[CI]，1.10 - 1.49）、哮喘患病率（OR，1.26; 95% CI，1.04 - 1.51）和哮喘症状患病率（OR，1.15; 95% CI，1.02 - 1.28）显著增加相关。NO2和煤烟的结果相似。出生后没有移动过的儿童的关联性更强。花粉热的积极关联被发现在nonmovers。未发现与特应性湿疹，过敏性致敏，支气管hyperresponsibility.Conclusions：暴露于交通相关的空气污染可能会导致儿童哮喘。
Rationale The role of air pollution exposure in the development of asthma, allergies, and related symptoms remains unclear, due in part to the limited number of prospective cohort studies with sufficiently long follow-ups addressing this problem.Objectives: We studied the association between traffic-related air pollution and the development of asthma, allergy, and related symptoms in a prospective birth cohort study with a unique 8-year follow-up.Methods: Annual questionnaire reports of asthma, hay fever, and related symptoms during the first 8 years of life were analyzed for 3,863 children. At age 8, measurements of allergic sensitization and bronchial hyperresponsiveness were performed for subpopulations (n = 1,700 and 936, respectively). Individual exposures to nitrogen dioxide (NO2), particulate matter (PM2.5), and soot at the birth address were estimated by land-use regression models. Associations between exposure to traffic-related air pollution and repeated measures of health outcomes were assessed by repeated-measures logistic regression analysis. Effects are presented for an interquartile range increase in exposure after adjusting for covariates.Measurements and Main Results: Annual prevalence was 3 to 6% for asthma and 12 to 23% for asthma symptoms. Annual incidence of asthma was 6% at age 1, and 1 to 2% at later ages. PM2.5 levels were associated with a significant increase in incidence of asthma (odds ratio [OR], 1.28; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.10-1.49), prevalence of asthma (OR, 1.26; 95% CI, 1.04-1.51), and prevalence of asthma symptoms (OR, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.02-1.28). Findings were similar for NO2 and soot. Associations were stronger for children who had not moved since birth. Positive associations with hay fever were found in nonmovers only. No associations were found with atopic eczema, allergic sensitization, and bronchial hyperresponsiveness.Conclusions: Exposure to traffic-related air pollution may cause asthma in children.